U6 第一课时讲完龙脊梯田的“人与自然”,这节课顺理成章推进到语法板块:介词+关系代词定语从句。
📌 本课定位(写教案的“指导思想”直接套)
课型:语法+词汇+听说微技能融合课
核心语法:Attributive clauses (3) — preposition + which/whom
设计理念:
不孤立讲语法,从 Reading 原文里“抠”句子 → 学生自己发现规则 → 用“地理/民族话题”练句 → 在听力语境里复现
课时目标(可直接贴教案):
能识别并说出 in which / for whom 在定语从句中的指代关系
掌握“介词+关系代词”的使用前提:先行词 + 动词/形容词固定搭配
能在介绍地理景观(黄果树、因纽特)的语境中正确造句
积累 8 个高频地理地貌词汇(desert, glacier, karst, basin…)
📝 完整授课流程
▶️ Step 1 语法导入:从旧文里“挖宝藏”
教师活动(逐字稿参考):
“上节课我们读了 Longji Rice Terraces,作者用了很多漂亮的句子。今天我们来当一回‘语法侦探’,找两句出来看看门道。”
板书 PPT 原句:
a) …increase the areas in which they could grow rice.
b) …local people for whom traditions hold much value.
问题链(直接印在学案上):
What does which refer to?(areas)
What does whom refer to?(local people)
把 in / for 去掉,变成 which they could grow rice in / whom traditions hold much value for,语序通不通?(通,但衔接没那么紧)
✅ 板书结论(让学生画星号):
介词前置 → 正式语体 / 衔接更紧凑 / 强调先行词
指物:prep + which ;指人:prep + whom

▶️ Step 2 规则突破:讲透两个“坑”
只讲学生最需要的 3 句话,别铺太多术语:
✅ 规则1:什么时候介词前置?
翻成学生能懂的版本:
当介词和从句里的动词/名词/形容词是固定搭配,且介词在关系词前面时,用 prep + which/whom
❌ 固定短语(look after, hear from)一般不拆 → 介词放句尾,关系词可省
类型 | 例句 | 学生易错点 |
|---|
介词前置 | The reason for which I was praised. | 别写成 for that |
介词后置(可省) | The child (who/whom) I looked after. | 基础弱的学生直接教他们放句尾省事 |
✅ 规则2:in which = where?for which = why?
直接给结论:
in which 可替换 where(先行词是地点)
for which 可替换 why(先行词是 reason)
但 from which / with whom 等不能乱换!
📌 课堂小互动:全班拍手判断
“The house in which he lives = The house where he lives.” ✅
“The man from whom I learnt = The man why I learnt.” ❌
▶️ Step 3 文本回扣:在原文里圈一圈
任务:给 1 分钟,翻回 Reading 课文,把课本列的那 7 句定语从句全划出来。
教师挑 3 句重点读:
some of which feed on insects(of + which 表部分)
clouds from which rain falls(from + which 水循环逻辑)
visitors who come to admire…(对比:关系代词无介词)
✅ 设计意图:语法不是新东西,是旧文本的“二次解码”,学生不会觉得突兀。

▶️ Step 4 分层操练
🔹 基础层:句子合并(Exercise 1)
直接让学生口头做,答案写在黑板上:
Zhuang is an ethnic group. Its population is the largest.
→ The Zhuang is an ethnic group, of which the population is the largest.
(顺带复现单元文化:壮族人口最多)

🔹 提高层:语篇填空
这是高考完形/语法填空同源题,重点讲 4 空逻辑:
空 | 答案 | 点拨关键词 |
|---|
1 | from which | come from 固定搭配 |
2 | in which | in gardens 地点 |
3 | for which | reason for |
4 | for whom | for sb / for consumers |
📌 教师金句:
“做这种题,先找先行词,再想‘从句缺不缺介词’——把从句还原成简单句,答案自己就出来了。”

▶️ Step 5 词汇+听说过渡:从梯田到世界地貌
语法练完不散场,直接切 地理词汇,为听力铺路。
活动1:看图猜地貌(3 mins)
配图,教师带读 + 板书重点词(学生必须抄):
basin(盆地)→ Turpan Basin(后面听力/邮件里出现)
valley(山谷)→ Huangguoshu waterfall falls into a deep valley
desert → “ships of the desert” = camels(文化梗学生秒笑)
glacier / isthmus / karst / Danxia landform(高考文化类阅读高频词)

活动2:补全 Emma 的邮件
当词汇巩固小练:
“Check out this video that I made — it shows the water falling into the deep valley below.”
顺便点一句 that 指 video,和前面 which 引导的定语从句对比。

▶️ Step 6 听力微技能:语法在真实语境里“活过来”
听力主题:Life in the Arctic(因纽特人)
语法暗线:听力原文第一句就是 Around four million people live in the Arctic region, of whom around 170,000 are Inuit.(PPT Before listening 页)
🔹 听前教策略
直接抄进教案“学法指导”:
听到生词别慌 → 记发音 → 靠上下文猜意思(比如 Igloo 学生大概率不认识,但后面说 warm inside / only 50 days 能猜是房子)

🔹 听中任务
表头直接给学生打在学案上,答案版老师存底:
维度 | 优点 | 缺点 |
|---|
Housing | easy to find materials | last only ~50 days |
Food | fight the cold | hard to grow veg/fruit |
Polar night | family time | boring |
Tourism | jobs & money | environment polluted |
📌 听后追问(语法复现):
Can you make a sentence with “of whom”?
→ “There are many Inuit, of whom most live in Canada and Greenland.”
▶️ Step 7 Speaking:输出闭环
给两个版本,按学生水平选:
版本A(基础):Talk about differences between S & N China
支架句型:
In the south, we have…, in which people grow rice.
In the north, the weather for which wheat grows well is drier.
版本B(拔高):Use at least 2 “prep + which/whom” to introduce a wonder
(丹霞/喀斯特/黄果树三选一)

📝 Homework(分层布置,省心版)
必做:整理本节课 6 个“介词+关系代词”例句到语法积累本(含 PPT 合并句子 4 题)
选做:用 of which / for whom / in which 各写 1 句介绍你家乡的一个地方
💡 备课提醒
介词前置别“神化”:基础班直接教“还原法”——先写简单句 I learnt a lot from him → 变从句 He is an expert from whom I learnt a lot,比背规则管用。
这节课地理词多,可以顺手把必修二后面 Unit 的 natural wonders 串起来,为 Project 埋伏笔。
学生总把 whom 写成 who 放介词后,板书用红笔标:介词后 who 下岗,whom 上岗。