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【狂暴英语教案】之《新概念英语》第三册第7课:残票鉴别组

  • 2026-03-29 10:57:28
【狂暴英语教案】之《新概念英语》第三册第7课:残票鉴别组
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📚 狂暴英语之《新概念英语》教案

第三册第7课 Mutilated Ladies残票鉴别组

复合句 · 定语从句 · 非谓语动词 · 写作技巧精讲

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📖课文完整内容

Has it ever happened to you? Have you ever put your trousers in the washing machine and then remembered there was a large bank note in your back pocket? When you rescued your trousers, did you find the note was whiter than white? People who live in Britain needn't despair when they make mistakes like this (and a lot of people do)! Fortunately for them, the Bank of England has a team called Mutilated Ladies which deals with claims from people who fed their money to a machine or to their dog. Dogs, it seems, love to chew up money!  A recent case concerns Jane Butlin whose fiancé, John, runs a successful furniture business. John had a very good day and put his wallet containing £3,000 into the microwave oven for safekeeping. Then he and Jane went horse-riding. When they got home, Jane cooked their dinner in the microwave oven and without realizing it, cooked her fiancé's wallet as well. Imagine their dismay when they found a beautifully-cooked wallet and notes turned to ash! John went to see his bank manager who sent the remains of wallet and the money to the special department of the Bank of England in Newcastle: the Mutilated Ladies! They examined the remains and John got all his money back. 'So long as there's something to identify, we will give people their money back,' said a spokeswoman for the Bank. 'Last year, we paid £1.5m on 21,000 claims. Damaged bank notes. The Queen's head appears on English bank notes, and 'lady' refers to this.

1第一部分:逐句精讲

1句子1:Has it ever happened to you?

翻译:这种事在你身上发生过吗?

句子结构:

这是一个现在完成时的一般疑问句。

主语:it (指代下文将描述的事情)

谓语:has happened (现在完成时)

状语:ever (曾经),to you (对你)

句型特点:以疑问句开篇,直接与读者互动,设置悬念,引出话题,是常见的文章开头技巧。

重点词汇:

happen /ˈhæpən/ vi. 发生;碰巧;偶然遇到。

蓝思值 600L-800L

例句一:Accidents can happen at any time if you are not careful.

例句二:I happened to meet an old friend in the supermarket yesterday.

关键语法:

现在完成时"has happened":表示过去发生的动作("发生")对现在造成的影响或与现在的关联(即询问读者"至今是否有过此经历")。"ever"常用于完成时疑问句中,意为"曾经"。

短语用法:

happen to sb./sth.:(某事)发生在某人/某物身上。

用法:强调事件发生的对象,通常指未经计划或意料之外的事情。

例句:What happened to your car? It looks badly damaged.

2句子2:Have you ever put your trousers in the washing machine and then remembered there was a large bank note in your back pocket?

翻译:你有没有把裤子塞进洗衣机,然后又想起在裤子的后兜里有一张大面值的纸币?

句子结构:

这是一个并列复合句。

主句:Have you ever put your trousers in the washing machine and then remembered... (并列谓语:put和remembered)

宾语从句:there was a large bank note in your back pocket (作remembered的宾语)

句子成分分析:

• 主语:you

• 并列谓语1:have put (现在完成时)

- 宾语:your trousers

- 地点状语:in the washing machine

• 并列谓语2:(have) remembered (现在完成时,省略了助动词have)

- 宾语从句:there was a large bank note in your back pocket

重点词汇:

trousers /ˈtraʊzəz/ n. [复数] 裤子,长裤。

蓝思值 400L-600L

例句一:He bought a new pair of trousers for the interview.

例句二:These trousers are too tight; I need a larger size.

bank note /bæŋk nəʊt/ n. 纸币,钞票。

蓝思值 800L-1000L

例句一:The old man preferred using bank notes to credit cards.

例句二:The design of the new bank note includes advanced security features.

关键语法:

①现在完成时"Have you ever put... and remembered...":用于询问人生经历,强调动作(放裤子、记起来)发生在过去不确定的时间,且重点在于"是否有此经历"这一现在的结果。

②"there was"存在句:在宾语从句中表示"在某处有某物"。

短语用法:

put... in...:把......放进......里。

用法:表示将某物放置于某容器或空间内部。

例句:Please put the books in the box.

3句子3:When you rescued your trousers, did you find the note was whiter than white?

翻译:当你把裤子抢救出来时,你有没有发现那张纸币已经变得比白纸还白?

句子结构:

这是一个主从复合句。

• 时间状语从句:When you rescued your trousers

• 主句:did you find the note was whiter than white? (主句本身包含一个宾语从句)

• 宾语从句:(that) the note was whiter than white (作find的宾语,连接词that被省略)

句子成分分析:

• 状语从句:When (连接词) + you (主语) + rescued (谓语) + your trousers (宾语)

• 主句:did (助动词) + you (主语) + find (谓语) + 宾语从句

• 宾语从句:the note (主语) + was (系动词) + whiter than white (表语)

重点词汇:

rescue /ˈreskjuː/ vt. 营救,挽救;取回(因疏忽而置于某处的东西)。n. 营救。

蓝思值 800L-1000L

例句一:The firemen rescued the child from the burning building.

例句二:I had to rescue my passport from the bottom of my suitcase.

关键语法:

①一般过去时"rescued", "did you find":叙述过去某个具体时间点(捞出裤子时)的动作和发现。

②宾语从句的省略:在动词find后的宾语从句连接词that常被省略。

③比较级"whiter than white":形容词white的比较级形式,than引导比较状语。

短语用法:

whiter than white:字面意为"比白色更白",此处是幽默表达,指纸币被洗后褪色成一片空白。也常用于形容"清白无瑕"。

用法:是"形容词比较级+than+同一形容词原级"的结构,用于强调程度极高。

例句:After the scandal, the politician tried to present himself as whiter than white.

4句子4:People who live in Britain needn't despair when they make mistakes like this (and a lot of people do)!

翻译:住在英国的人犯下此类错误时,不必绝望(而且很多人确实会犯这种错)!

句子结构:

这是一个多重复合句。

• 主句:People needn't despair

• 定语从句:who live in Britain (修饰主语People)

• 时间状语从句:when they make mistakes like this

• 括号内的补充说明:(and a lot of people do) (do替代make mistakes like this)

句子成分分析:

• 主语:People (被定语从句修饰)

• 谓语:needn't despair (情态动词needn't + 动词原形despair)

• 状语从句:when (连接词) + they (主语) + make (谓语) + mistakes (宾语) + like this (定语)

重点词汇:

despair /dɪˈspeə(r)/ n. 绝望。 vi. 绝望,丧失信心。

蓝思值 1000L-1200L

例句一:He gave up the struggle in despair.

例句二:Don't despair; things will get better soon.

关键语法:

①定语从句"who live in Britain":关系代词who引导,修饰先行词people,在从句中作主语。

②情态动词"needn't":表示"没有必要",否定形式。

③动词替代"do":用助动词do替代前文提到的动词短语"make mistakes like this",避免重复。

短语用法:

make mistakes:犯错误。

用法:固定搭配,mistake常用复数形式表示泛指的错误。

例句:It's normal to make mistakes when you are learning something new.

5句子5:Fortunately for them, the Bank of England has a team called Mutilated Ladies which deals with claims from people who fed their money to a machine or to their dog.

翻译:对他们来说幸运的是,英格兰银行有一个叫作"残钞鉴别组"的团队,专门处理那些把钱喂给了机器或狗的人提出的索赔要求。

句子结构:

这是一个结构复杂的主从复合句,包含多层定语修饰。

• 主句:the Bank of England has a team

• 过去分词短语作定语:called Mutilated Ladies (修饰team)

• 定语从句1:which deals with claims (修饰team)

• 介词短语作定语:from people (修饰claims)

• 定语从句2:who fed their money to a machine or to their dog (修饰people)

句子成分分析:

• 状语:Fortunately for them (评注性状语,修饰整个句子)

• 主语:the Bank of England

• 谓语:has

• 宾语:a team

• 宾语team的后置定语:called Mutilated Ladies (非谓语动词作定语) + which deals with claims... (定语从句)

重点词汇:

fortunately /ˈfɔːtʃənətli/ adv. 幸运地,幸亏。

蓝思值 800L-1000L

例句一:Fortunately, nobody was hurt in the accident.

例句二:I was late, but fortunately the meeting hadn't started.

claim /kleɪm/ n. 要求,索赔;声称,主张。 vt. 声称;索取;认领。

蓝思值 1000L-1200L

例句一:The insurance company rejected his claim for damages.

例句二:She claims to have seen a UFO.

deal with /diːl wɪð/ 处理,应付;涉及,关于。

蓝思值 800L-1000L

例句一:This department deals with customer complaints.

例句二:The book deals with the history of ancient Rome.

关键语法:

①过去分词短语作后置定语"called Mutilated Ladies":相当于一个定语从句"which is called Mutilated Ladies",被动含义,修饰team。

②定语从句套嵌:which引导的定语从句修饰team,其中又包含who引导的定语从句修饰people,展示了英语中多层定语修饰的常见结构。

短语用法:

feed sth. to sb./sth.:把某物喂给某人/某物。

用法:强调将某物作为食物给予。文中是幽默拟人用法,指不小心把钱"喂"给了机器或狗。

例句:She fed some bread to the ducks in the pond.

6句子6:Dogs, it seems, love to chew up money!

翻译:狗,看来很喜欢啃钞票!

句子结构:

这是一个简单句,包含插入语。

• 主语:Dogs

• 插入语:it seems (作评注性状语)

• 谓语:love

• 宾语:to chew up money (动词不定式短语作宾语)

句型特点:插入语"it seems"使句子语气变得客观、委婉,像是根据观察得出的结论,增加了文章的趣味性和可信度。

重点词汇:

chew up /tʃuː ʌp/ 嚼碎,咬坏;消耗,损坏。

蓝思值 600L-800L

例句一:The puppy chewed up my favorite slippers.

例句二:Rising energy costs are chewing up our profits.

关键语法:

动词不定式作宾语"to chew up money":动词love后常接不定式(to do)或动名词(doing)作宾语,表示"喜欢做某事"。

短语用法:

it seems:看来,似乎。

用法:用作插入语或构成"It seems that..."句型,表示说话者的主观判断或推测。

例句:It seems that we have met before.

例句:He is, it seems, an expert in this field.

7句子7:A recent case concerns Jane Butlin whose fiancé, John, runs a successful furniture business.

翻译:最近的一个案例涉及简·巴特林,她的未婚夫约翰经营着一家生意兴隆的家具店。

句子结构:

这是一个主从复合句。

• 主句:A recent case concerns Jane Butlin

• 定语从句:whose fiancé, John, runs a successful furniture business (修饰Jane Butlin)

句子成分分析:

• 主句:A recent case (主语) + concerns (谓语) + Jane Butlin (宾语)

• 定语从句:whose fiancé (主语,whose作定语修饰fiancé) + John (同位语,补充说明fiancé) + runs (谓语) + a successful furniture business (宾语)

重点词汇:

concern /kənˈsɜːn/ vt. 涉及,关于;使担心。 n. 关心的事;担心;公司。

蓝思值 1000L-1200L

例句一:This matter concerns all of us, so we need to discuss it.

例句二:Environmental pollution is a major concern for the government.

fiancé /fiˈɒnseɪ/ n. 未婚夫。

蓝思值 1000L-1200L

例句一:She introduced her fiancé to her parents.

注意:fiancée 指未婚妻。

run /rʌn/ vt. 经营,管理;运行。 vi. 跑;流动。

蓝思值 600L-800L

例句一:He runs a small café near the university.

例句二:The software runs smoothly on my new computer.

关键语法:

关系代词whose引导的定语从句:whose在从句中作定语,修饰fiancé,表示"Jane Butlin的未婚夫"。whose通常用于指人,也可指物或动物,表示所属关系。

短语用法:

a successful business:一桩成功的生意/一家成功的企业。

用法:successful是形容词,修饰名词business。注意名词success和形容词successful的转换:His business is a success. = He runs a successful business.

例句:Through hard work, they built up a successful business from scratch.

8句子8:John had a very good day and put his wallet containing £3,000 into the microwave oven for safekeeping.

翻译:约翰度过了非常不错的一天,他把装有3000英镑的钱包放进微波炉里保存。

句子结构:

这是一个并列句。

• 分句1:John had a very good day

• 分句2:(John) put his wallet containing £3,000 into the microwave oven for safekeeping (省略主语John)

• 连接词:and (表示顺承)

句子成分分析:

• 分句1:John (主语) + had (谓语) + a very good day (宾语)

• 分句2:(John) (省略主语) + put (谓语) + his wallet (宾语) + containing £3,000 (现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰wallet) + into the microwave oven (地点状语) + for safekeeping (目的状语)

重点词汇:

contain /kənˈteɪn/ vt. 包含,容纳;控制,抑制。

蓝思值 800L-1000L

例句一:This box contains all my childhood photos.

例句二:The report contains some very important information.

microwave oven /ˈmaɪkrəweɪv ˈʌvn/ n. 微波炉。

蓝思值 800L-1000L

例句一:You can heat up the soup quickly in the microwave oven.

例句二:Never put metal objects in a microwave oven.

safekeeping /ˌseɪfˈkiːpɪŋ/ n. 妥善保管。

蓝思值 1000L-1200L

例句一:I left my passport with the hotel reception for safekeeping.

例句二:The documents are in the safe for safekeeping.

关键语法:

①现在分词短语作后置定语"containing £3,000":相当于一个定语从句"which contained £3,000",主动含义,修饰wallet,表示钱包"装着"钱。

②"for + n."表示目的:"for safekeeping"作目的状语,说明"put"的目的。

短语用法:

have a good day:度过愉快的一天。

用法:日常问候和道别用语。也可说Have a nice/great/wonderful day。

例句:Thanks for your help. Have a good day!

9句子9:Then he and Jane went horse-riding.

翻译:然后他和简去骑马了。

句子结构:

这是一个简单句。

• 主语:he and Jane (并列主语)

• 谓语:went

• 宾语:horse-riding (动名词作宾语,go doing结构)

句型特点:使用"go + v-ing"结构表示去从事某项活动。

重点词汇:

horse-riding /ˈhɔːs raɪdɪŋ/ n. 骑马(运动)。

蓝思值 600L-800L

例句一:Horse-riding is a popular activity in the countryside.

例句二:We went horse-riding in the mountains last weekend.

关键语法:

"go + v-ing"结构:表示"去从事某项(娱乐性或体育性)活动",如go swimming, go shopping, go fishing等。

短语用法:

go horse-riding:去骑马。

用法:固定搭配,类似结构广泛用于描述休闲活动。

例句:Let's go hiking in the national park next Sunday.

10句子10:When they got home, Jane cooked their dinner in the microwave oven and without realizing it, cooked her fiancé's wallet as well.

翻译:当他们回到家时,简用微波炉做了晚餐,并在不知不觉中把她未婚夫的钱包也一起"烹制"了。

句子结构:

这是一个并列复合句。

• 时间状语从句:When they got home

• 主句:Jane cooked their dinner in the microwave oven and cooked her fiancé's wallet as well (并列谓语:cooked和cooked)

• 介词短语作状语:without realizing it (修饰第二个cooked,表示伴随状况)

句子成分分析:

• 状语从句:When (连接词) + they (主语) + got (谓语) + home (地点状语)

• 主句主语:Jane

• 并列谓语1:cooked + their dinner (宾语) + in the microwave oven (地点状语)

• 状语:without realizing it (方式状语)

• 并列谓语2:cooked + her fiancé's wallet (宾语) + as well (状语,表示"也")

重点词汇:

realize /ˈriːəlaɪz/ vt. 意识到,认识到;实现(目标)。

蓝思值 800L-1000L

例句一:I didn't realize how late it was.

例句二:She finally realized her dream of becoming a pilot.

关键语法:

①并列谓语:主语Jane发出了两个动作"cooked dinner"和"cooked wallet",用and连接,第二个cooked前省略了主语Jane。

②"without + v-ing"作状语:表示"没有做某事",在句中作方式状语,描述第二个动作是在"没有意识到"的情况下发生的。

短语用法:

as well:也,还。

用法:通常放在句末,相当于too。

例句:She plays the piano and sings as well.

without realizing it:没有意识到这一点。

用法:it指代上文提到的某个情况或事实。

例句:He offended many people without realizing it.

11句子11:Imagine their dismay when they found a beautifully-cooked wallet and notes turned to ash!

翻译:想象一下,当他们发现一个煮得漂漂亮亮的钱包和已变成灰烬的钞票时,他们是多么沮丧!

句子结构:

这是一个祈使句,包含一个时间状语从句。

• 主句(祈使句):Imagine their dismay

• 时间状语从句:when they found a beautifully-cooked wallet and notes turned to ash

• 宾语从句:a beautifully-cooked wallet and notes turned to ash (作found的宾语,其中包含一个过去分词短语作定语)

句子成分分析:

• 主句:Imagine (谓语,祈使语气) + their dismay (宾语)

• 状语从句:when (连接词) + they (主语) + found (谓语) + 宾语

• 宾语部分:a beautifully-cooked wallet (名词短语1) + and (连接词) + notes turned to ash (名词短语2)

- "beautifully-cooked"是复合形容词,作定语修饰wallet。

- "turned to ash"是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰notes,相当于"notes that were turned to ash"。

重点词汇:

dismay /dɪsˈmeɪ/ n. 沮丧,绝望;惊愕。 vt. 使沮丧,使惊愕。

蓝思值 1200L-1400L

例句一:To her dismay, the train had already left.

例句二:The news of his failure filled us with dismay.

ash /æʃ/ n. 灰,灰烬。

蓝思值 800L-1000L

例句一:The house was burned to ashes in the fire.

例句二:He tapped the ash from his cigarette into the ashtray.

关键语法:

①祈使句"Imagine...":以动词原形开头,用于提出建议、发出邀请或命令,此处是邀请读者一同想象,增强叙述的生动性和代入感。

②复合形容词"beautifully-cooked":由副词beautifully + 过去分词cooked构成,作定语,修饰wallet。这种结构在英语中很常见,如:well-educated, newly-built。

③过去分词短语作后置定语"turned to ash":表示被动和完成的状态,修饰notes。

短语用法:

turn to...:变成......;转向......;求助于......。

用法:根据上下文含义不同。此处指物理状态的转变。

例句:Water turns to ice at zero degrees Celsius.

例句:She turned to her friend for advice.

12句子12:John went to see his bank manager who sent the remains of wallet and the money to the special department of the Bank of England in Newcastle: the Mutilated Ladies!

翻译:约翰去见他的银行经理。经理将烧剩的钱包和钞票的残骸寄往位于纽卡斯尔的英格兰银行的一个专门部门——"残钞鉴别组"!

句子结构:

这是一个主从复合句。

• 主句:John went to see his bank manager

• 定语从句:who sent the remains of wallet and the money to the special department of the Bank of England in Newcastle: the Mutilated Ladies! (修饰bank manager)

• 同位语:the Mutilated Ladies (作the special department的同位语,起解释说明作用)

句子成分分析:

• 主句:John (主语) + went to see (谓语) + his bank manager (宾语)

• 定语从句:who (关系代词,指代manager,在从句中作主语) + sent (谓语) + the remains of wallet and the money (并列宾语) + to the special department... (状语) + in Newcastle (定语,修饰department)

重点词汇:

remains /rɪˈmeɪnz/ n. [复数] 剩余物,遗迹;遗体。

蓝思值 1200L-1400L

例句一:Archaeologists discovered the remains of an ancient city.

例句二:After the fire, only the charred remains of the building were left.

department /dɪˈpɑːtmənt/ n. 部门;系;科。

蓝思值 800L-1000L

例句一:She works in the marketing department.

例句二:The university has a famous history department.

关键语法:

定语从句"who sent...":关系代词who引导,修饰表示人的先行词bank manager,在从句中作主语。

短语用法:

go to see sb.:去见某人。

用法:表示去和某人见面(常为咨询、拜访等目的)。

例句:You should go to see a doctor if you feel unwell.

send sth. to...:把某物寄送/发送到......。

用法:指明发送的目的地。

例句:I sent the package to my parents yesterday.

13句子13:They examined the remains and John got all his money back.

翻译:他们检查了残骸,约翰拿回了所有的钱。

句子结构:

这是一个并列句。

• 分句1:They examined the remains

• 分句2:John got all his money back

• 连接词:and (表示顺承关系)

句子成分分析:

• 分句1:They (主语,指Mutilated Ladies) + examined (谓语) + the remains (宾语)

• 分句2:John (主语) + got (谓语) + all his money (宾语) + back (状语)

重点词汇:

examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ vt. 检查,调查;考试。

蓝思值 1000L-1200L

例句一:The doctor examined the patient carefully.

例句二:The police are examining the evidence from the crime scene.

关键语法:

一般过去时:叙述过去发生的具体事件(检查、拿回钱)。

短语用法:

get sth. back:取回某物,收回某物。

用法:强调重新获得失去或付出的东西。

例句:I hope I can get my book back from him soon.

14句子14:'So long as there's something to identify, we will give people their money back,' said a spokeswoman for the Bank.

翻译:"只要有东西可供识别,我们就会把钱还给人,"一位银行女发言人说。

句子结构:

这是一个直接引语,引语本身是一个主从复合句。

• 主句:we will give people their money back

• 条件状语从句:So long as there's something to identify

• 引述部分:said a spokeswoman for the Bank (主谓倒装)

句子成分分析:

• 条件从句:So long as (连接词) + there's (谓语) + something (主语) + to identify (动词不定式作定语,修饰something)

• 主句:we (主语) + will give (谓语) + people (间接宾语) + their money (直接宾语) + back (状语)

• 引述句:said (谓语) + a spokeswoman for the Bank (主语)

重点词汇:

spokeswoman /ˈspəʊkswʊmən/ n. 女发言人。

蓝思值 1000L-1200L

例句一:A company spokeswoman declined to comment on the rumor.

注意:spokesman 男发言人;spokesperson 中性发言人。

identify /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ vt. 识别,辨认;确定。

蓝思值 1000L-1200L

例句一:Can you identify the man who attacked you?

例句二:The scientist identified a new species of butterfly.

关键语法:

①条件状语从句"So long as...":引导词so long as 表示"只要",相当于as long as,引导条件状语从句,从句中用一般现在时(there's)表示将来条件。

②动词不定式作定语"to identify":修饰不定代词something,表示"可供识别的东西"。

③双宾语结构"give people their money back":动词give可以接双宾语,即"give + 间接宾语(人) + 直接宾语(物)"。

短语用法:

so/as long as:只要。

用法:引导条件状语从句,强调条件是唯一要求。

例句:You can borrow my car as long as you promise to drive carefully.

15句子15:'Last year, we paid £1.5m on 21,000 claims.'

翻译:"去年,我们处理了21,000起索赔,支付了150万英镑。"

句子结构:

这是一个简单句。

• 状语:Last year

• 主语:we

• 谓语:paid

• 宾语:£1.5m

• 状语:on 21,000 claims

句型特点:用具体数字(£1.5m, 21,000)支撑观点,使发言人的陈述更具说服力和可信度。

重点词汇:

(本句词汇较简单,重点在数字表达和搭配)

关键语法:

一般过去时"paid":表示去年发生的、已完成的动作。

短语用法:

pay (money) on claims:为索赔支付(钱)。

用法:介词on在这里表示"在......方面,针对......"。

例句:The government paid a large sum of money on disaster relief.

16句子16:Damaged bank notes.

翻译:(这指的是)受损的纸币。

句子结构:

这是一个名词短语,独立成句,作为对"Mutilated Ladies"的补充解释。

• 核心词:notes (纸币)

• 定语:Damaged bank (过去分词damaged和名词bank共同修饰notes)

句型特点:使用名词短语独立成句,起到强调和定义的作用,简洁明了。

重点词汇:

damaged /ˈdæmɪdʒd/ adj. 被损坏的。

蓝思值 600L-800L

例句一:The damaged ship was towed back to the port.

例句二:We need to replace the damaged parts of the machine.

关键语法:

过去分词作定语"Damaged":修饰bank notes,表示被动和完成的意义,即"被损坏的"纸币。

短语用法:

bank notes:纸币。同banknote。

17句子17:The Queen's head appears on English bank notes, and 'lady' refers to this.

翻译:女王的头像出现在英格兰的纸币上,而"lady"(女士)指的就是这个头像。

句子结构:

这是一个并列句。

• 分句1:The Queen's head appears on English bank notes

• 分句2:'lady' refers to this

• 连接词:and (表示并列)

句子成分分析:

• 分句1:The Queen's head (主语) + appears (谓语) + on English bank notes (地点状语)

• 分句2:'lady' (主语) + refers to (谓语) + this (宾语,指代the Queen's head)

重点词汇:

appear /əˈpɪə(r)/ vi. 出现;显得,似乎;出版。

蓝思值 800L-1000L

例句一:A ship appeared on the horizon.

例句二:He appears to be very confident, but he's actually quite nervous.

refer to /rɪˈfɜː(r) tu/ 指的是;提及;参考。

蓝思值 1000L-1200L

例句一:When I said some people are lazy, I didn't refer to you.

例句二:For more details, please refer to the user manual.

关键语法:

一般现在时"appears", "refers":用于陈述客观事实(纸币上的图案)和解释术语含义。

短语用法:

refer to:在此句中意为"指的是",用于解释词语的指代对象。

例句:The term 'AI' refers to artificial intelligence.

2第二部分:课文核心逻辑与写作技巧

📖 段落结构与叙事逻辑

1. 开篇设问,引发共鸣

文章以三个连续的疑问句(句子1-3)开篇,直接与读者对话,描述日常生活中可能发生的尴尬失误(洗钱、喂狗),迅速拉近与读者的距离,激发阅读兴趣。

这种"Have you ever...?"的开头方式是英语记叙文和议论文中常见的引人入胜的技巧。

2. 转折引入主题机构

句子4进行转折,指出英国人不必为此绝望,并顺势引出解决问题的机构——英格兰银行的"Mutilated Ladies"(句子5)。逻辑链条为:提出问题(损坏钞票)-> 给出解决方案(有专门团队处理)。

句子6以轻松的口吻补充"狗爱啃钱",增添幽默感,使文章风格更活泼。

3. 具体案例佐证,详略得当

句子7用"A recent case concerns..."这个典型的过渡性句子,从一般性介绍转入具体案例叙述。这种由结论/概述过渡到具体例子的衔接手法,在《新概念英语》第三册中多次出现(如第4课也有类似结构),是使文章论证扎实、内容充实的关键技巧。

句子8-13详细叙述了Jane和John的案例。叙事按照时间顺序展开:生意好->藏钱入微波炉->外出骑马->回家做饭误烤钱包->发现灾难->求助银行->解决问题。叙事脉络清晰,细节生动(如"beautifully-cooked wallet"),故事完整。

4. 引用权威,增强说服力

句子14-15通过直接引述银行女发言人的话,解释了该部门的工作原则(只要有可识别物即赔偿)并提供了具体数据(去年赔付金额和案件数)。引用权威信源和具体数据,极大地增强了文章的可信度和说服力。

5. 结尾点题,解释名称

句子16-17最后对"Mutilated Ladies"这一名称进行解释,点明"lady"指的是纸币上的女王头像。首尾呼应,解开读者可能存在的疑惑,使文章结构圆满。

✍️ 可借鉴的写作手法

1. 互动式开头

技巧:使用疑问句(尤其是现在完成时疑问句)与读者互动,能够瞬间抓住读者注意力,让读者代入情境。

应用:在写作关于普遍经历、社会现象或个人观点的文章时,可以借鉴此法。例如,写"拖延症"可以开头:"Have you ever stayed up all night to finish a task that you had weeks to complete?"

2. "概述+例证"结构

技巧:先提出一个普遍观点或介绍一个机构/现象,然后用一个具体、详细的案例来支撑。案例叙述要包含时间、人物、事件起因、经过、结果等要素。

应用:在说明文、议论文中非常有效。例如,写"科技改变生活",可以先概述科技带来的便利,然后详细描写一个人使用智能家居的具体一天。

3. 细节描写与幽默运用

技巧:在叙事中加入生动的细节(如"wallet containing £3,000", "beautifully-cooked wallet")和幽默的表达(如"whiter than white", "fed their money to a machine or to their dog", "Dogs... love to chew up money!"),能使文章趣味横生,避免枯燥。

应用:在记叙文或非正式议论文中,恰当的幽默和细节能让文章更吸引人,展现作者的语言驾驭能力。

4. 数据与引语增强权威性

技巧:在阐述事实或观点时,引用官方言论、专家话语或具体统计数据,能使论述更具客观性和说服力。

应用:在议论文、报告或说明文中,这是支撑论点的有力手段。例如,讨论环保重要性时,可以引用联合国报告的具体数据。

5. 名词短语独立成句

技巧:将"Damaged bank notes."这样的名词短语单独成句,起到强调、定义或总结的作用,使语言简洁有力。

应用:可用于段落开头作为主题句,或段落结尾作为总结,也可用于插入解释性信息。

6. 首尾呼应

技巧:文章结尾处解释标题或开篇提到的核心概念(如"Mutilated Ladies"的含义),使文章结构完整,解答读者疑惑。

应用:确保文章有始有终,提升整体结构的严谨性。

3第三部分:本课语法精析总结

1. 复合句与定语从句

本课是复合句的集中展示,尤其是定语从句的多样化运用。

关系代词who引导的定语从句:修饰表示人的先行词。

People who live in Britain needn't despair... (句子4)

...claims from people who fed their money to... (句子5)

John went to see his bank manager who sent the remains... (句子12)

关系代词which引导的定语从句:修饰表示物的先行词。

...a team called Mutilated Ladies which deals with claims... (句子5)

关系代词whose引导的定语从句:表示所属关系,在从句中作定语。

A recent case concerns Jane Butlin whose fiancé, John, runs a successful furniture business. (句子7)

whose用于指人(Jane Butlin),在从句中修饰fiancé。whose也可用于指物或动物。

定语从句的嵌套:

句子5展示了典型的定语从句嵌套结构:a team (called Mutilated Ladies) [which deals with claims (from people [who fed their money...])]。这种多层修饰使得句子信息容量大,结构紧凑,是英语书面语的常见特征。

2. 非谓语动词作定语

过去分词(短语)作后置定语:表示被动或完成。

...a team called Mutilated Ladies (句子5,被动,修饰team)

...notes turned to ash (句子11,被动完成,修饰notes)

Damaged bank notes. (句子16,被动,修饰notes)

现在分词(短语)作后置定语:表示主动或正在进行。

...his wallet containing £3,000 (句子8,主动,修饰wallet)

动词不定式作后置定语:表示将来或目的,常修饰不定代词。

...there's something to identify (句子14,修饰something)

3. 复合形容词

本课出现了由"副词+过去分词"构成的复合形容词。

beautifully-cooked wallet (句子11)

构成方式:副词(beautifully) + 过去分词(cooked)。类似的有:well-educated(受过良好教育的), newly-built(新建的), highly-respected(深受尊敬的)。

复合形容词的常见构成方式还有:

• n. + v.-ing: mouthwatering food(令人垂涎的食物)

• adj./adv. + v.-ing: easygoing professor(随和的教授)

• adj./adv. + v.-ed: well-meant action(善意的举动)

• adj. + n.-ed: absent-minded person(心不在焉的人)

• adj. + adj.: bitter-sweet memories(苦乐参半的回忆)

4. 时态的综合运用

现在完成时:用于询问或谈论不确定过去时间发生的、与现在相关的经历。

Has it ever happened to you? (句子1)

Have you ever put... and remembered...? (句子2)

一般过去时:用于叙述过去某个具体时间点或时间段内发生的完整故事。

John had a good day and put his wallet... (句子8)

They went horse-riding. (句子9)

Jane cooked... (句子10)

They found... (句子11)

John went to see... who sent... (句子12)

They examined... and John got... (句子13)

Last year, we paid... (句子15)

一般现在时:用于陈述客观事实、真理或习惯性动作。

Dogs... love to chew up money! (句子6)

The Queen's head appears... and 'lady' refers to this. (句子17)

在条件状语从句中,用一般现在时代替将来时:So long as there's something... we will give... (句子14)

5. 情态动词need

needn't:表示"没有必要",是must的否定形式之一。

People... needn't despair... (句子4)

例句:You needn't come if you are busy.(如果你忙,就不必来了。)

6. 插入语

"it seems"作为插入语,使语气委婉,表达一种基于现象的推断。

Dogs, it seems, love to chew up money! (句子6)

7. 并列结构

并列谓语:同一主语发出多个动作。

Have you ever put your trousers... and then remembered...? (句子2)

Jane cooked their dinner... and... cooked her fiancé's wallet... (句子10)

They examined the remains and John got all his money back. (句子13)

并列宾语/主语等。

...the remains of wallet and the money (句子12)

He and Jane went horse-riding. (句子9)

8. 介词短语作状语

"for + n."表示目的:for safekeeping (句子8)

"without + v-ing"表示伴随状况:without realizing it (句子10)

"on + n."表示方面:paid £1.5m on 21,000 claims (句子15)

9. 祈使句

用于提出邀请或建议,增强互动性。

Imagine their dismay... (句子11)

10. 直接引语与倒装

直接引语的使用使叙述更真实。

引述动词said位于句末时,主语是名词则常倒装,是代词则不倒装。

'...' said a spokeswoman for the Bank. (句子14,名词主语倒装)

对比:'...' she said. (代词主语不倒装)

4第四部分:课文习题重点讲解

1. 摘要写作(Summary Writing)要点

《新概念英语》的摘要写作练习旨在培养学生概括和改写能力。针对本课,摘要应包含以下核心要点链:

• 许多人会意外损坏钞票(如放入洗衣机或微波炉)。

• 英格兰银行有"Mutilated Ladies"部门处理此类索赔。

• 简误将其未婚夫约翰装有3000英镑的钱包放入微波炉烤毁。

• 约翰将残骸交给银行经理,经理寄往"Mutilated Ladies"。

• 该部门检查后,约翰获全数赔偿。

• 银行发言人表示,只要有可识别物即会赔偿,去年处理了大量索赔。

写作技巧:

• 使用连接词确保句子连贯:如"Fortunately," "Then," "When," "As a result," "According to..."等。

• 将直接引语转为间接引语:例如,将"So long as there's..."转为"The spokeswoman said that so long as there was something to identify, they would give people their money back."注意时态和代词的变化。

• 合并简单句为复合句:运用本课所学的定语从句(who, which, whose)等,使摘要更简洁、地道。例如,将"John had a fiancée. Her name was Jane."合并为"John, whose fiancée was Jane, ..."。

2. 关键句型(Key Structures)与难点(Special Difficulties)练习

结合本课,关键句型练习可能涉及:

• 定语从句(尤其是whose)的造句练习。

• 复合形容词的构成与使用。

• 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别运用(询问经历 vs. 叙述具体事件)。

难点练习可能涉及:

• 词性转换:如success (n.) -> successful (adj.) -> successfully (adv.)。本课有"runs a successful furniture business"。类似转换练习如:beauty -> beautiful, care -> careful/careless, energy -> energetic等。

• 短语辨析:如deal with, cope with, handle的区别;refer to, mention, indicate的区别。

3. 词汇与语法练习

重点词汇填空或选择:针对本课核心词汇如despair, fortunately, claim, concern, dismay, remains, identify, refer to等设计语境填空题。

句子改写:例如,将含有定语从句的句子拆分为两个简单句,或将两个简单句用定语从句合并。

合并练习:John is engaged to Jane. John runs a successful business. -> John, who is engaged to Jane, runs a successful business. 或 John, whose fiancée is Jane, runs a successful business.

4. 写作练习延伸

根据本课课文是很好的"以读促写"范文。可设计的写作练习包括:

叙事文:写一个自己或他人因粗心大意造成小损失(或虚惊一场)的经历,模仿课文的互动开头、时间顺序叙事和细节幽默描写。例如:"Have you ever locked yourself out of your house?"

说明文:介绍一个你所知道的、专门处理某类特殊问题的机构或部门(如消费者协会、失物招领处),模仿"概述+具体案例"的结构。

书信写作:假设你是约翰,给"Mutilated Ladies"部门写一封感谢信。或假设你是银行发言人,回复一封客户关于损坏钞票的咨询邮件。

在写作中注意运用本课所学:

• 尝试使用1-2个复合形容词。

• 有意识地运用定语从句(特别是whose)来丰富句子结构。

• 在开头或结尾尝试使用疑问句或祈使句来增加互动性。

5第五部分:拓展学习

本课(第三册第7课)相关的扩展学习资料包括:

1. 《新概念英语pro全四册.pdf》:这份资料提供了《新概念英语》全四册的整合内容,强调搜索功能。对于本课学习,可以利用其搜索"后置定语"、"定语从句"、"复合形容词"等语法点,横向比较在其他课文中的出现和用法,加深理解。资料中也强调了学习方法和"理解-运用"而非死记硬背的理念,与本教案的精讲精神一致。

2. 《应时新概念英语3(第3版).pdf》:这份资料对本课(第7课)有详细的句子成分分析,使用了独特的语法符号体系(如标记从句、成分)。虽然其符号体系与本教案不同,但其对句子结构的深度剖析可以作为教师备课或学有余力者深入研究的补充材料,帮助从另一个角度理解英语句法。

3. 《新概念英语第三册教师用书.pdf》:虽然知识库片段只显示了标题,但标准的教师用书会提供本课的教学目标、课堂步骤建议(如听力理解引入、精读、练习处理)、以及练习答案。是教师组织课堂教学的权威参考。

4. 《新概念英语第三册自学导读.pdf》与《新概念英语第三册练习详解.pdf》:这两份资料是配套的自学辅导书。自学导读会提供更详细的背景知识、语言点注释;练习详解则提供课后所有练习的答案和解析。学生可用于课前预习或课后巩固,是自主学习的得力助手。

5. 《新概念英语第三册同步互动习题集.pdf》:提供更多样化、针对性的练习题,如单词辨音、填空、课文填空、短语运用等,是巩固本课词汇、语法和课文理解的宝贵题源。教师可选取部分题目作为课堂练习或课后作业。

6. 《新概念英语写作全攻略 (王惠宁编著).pdf》:这份资料系统阐述了如何利用《新概念英语》提升写作能力。它指出第三册的写作练习遵循"由控制写作到引导写作直至自由写作"的顺序,并强调"读写结合,以读促写"。与本课关联:本课就是"以读促写"的典范。该攻略中分析的"段落写作技巧"(如叙述法、因果分析法)、"写好英语段落的三个标准"(统一性、完整性、连贯性)以及"篇章开头方法"(如现象法、观点法),都可以在分析本课结构和自己进行相关写作练习时应用。例如,本课开头的"现象法"(Has it ever happened to you?)就是该攻略中提到的技巧之一。

7. 《NCE知识点笔记Book II.xlsx》:虽然主要针对第二册,但其中梳理的语法点(如主谓一致、复合形容词、目的状语从句等)是英语语法体系的基础。学习第三册遇到相关难点时(如本课的复合形容词),可以回溯第二册笔记进行复习巩固,确保知识体系的连贯性。

8. 《新概念英语第二册名师精讲笔记.pdf》等第二册资料:第三册的学习建立在第二册扎实的基础上。第二册重点训练的简单句、复合句、时态等,在第三册中运用得更加复杂和熟练。如果学习本课有困难,可能需要回顾第二册的相关课文和语法总结。

9. 《应时新概念英语4(第2版).pdf》中关于写作风格的提示:虽然针对第四册,但其提到的"句子成分划分...不应舍本逐末,忘却初衷"的理念,适用于所有语言学习。提醒我们在精讲本课句子结构时,最终目的是为了理解意义、欣赏文笔并有效模仿,而非陷入纯粹的语法分析。

10. 《新概念英语第四册名师精讲笔记.pdf》:作为更高阶的教材辅导,其分析思路(如对长难句的拆解、词汇的深度辨析)可以为教师提供更宏观的语言教学视角,思考如何将第三册的知识自然引向第四册的流利运用。

📘 教案使用建议: 本教案已整合本课知识点的核心内容,授课时可依次讲解第一部分(逐句精讲),然后引导学生总结第二、三部分(逻辑与语法),再结合教材原题练习第四部分(习题),最后可根据学生水平和课时,推荐第五部分的相关资料供其课后延伸学习。

🔥 推荐搜索: #新概念英语 #狂暴英语 #英语语法 #英语学习 #英语精讲 #定语从句 #复合句 #非谓语动词 #英语写作 #英语阅读 #外语学习 #英语教案 #新概念英语第三册 #MutilatedLadies #残票鉴别组


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  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000464s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=a_sjds;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.000689s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000380s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000320s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000496s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000201s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000507s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 469124 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001229s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1775878228 WHERE `id` = 469124 [ RunTime:0.007414s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 64 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000315s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 469124 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000460s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 469124 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000425s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 469124 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.003283s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 469124 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.026710s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 469124 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.003001s ]
0.135907s