Part I
Well, I’ve been talking to managers in a number of businesses, and reading surveys about the future of management. And what I’m going to present in this seminar is a few ideas about how the activity is likely to change in the next ten years.It isn't a scientific, statistical analysis—just some ideas for us to discuss. One area I want to mention is business markets, and I'm sure a really significant development will be a major increase in competition, with companies from all round the world trying to sell similar products. Consumers will have much more choice—for instance, food products sold in Australia might be manufactured in the USA, China, Finland and dozens of other countries. At the same time, mergers and takeovers mean that governments are actually losing power to major global corporations. We can probably all think of companies that exert a great deal of influence, which may be good for consumers. A third point I want to make about markets is that in the rapidly expanding economies, such as India, China, Brazil and Russia, demand is growing very fast. This is putting pressure on resources all over the world.我相信，随着世界各地的公司都在努力销售类似的产品，一个真正巨大的发展将是竞争的大幅加剧。noun. a meeting for discussion or training 研讨会；培训会E.g.:a one-day management seminar
为期一天的管理研讨会
2. statistical|stəˈtɪstɪkəl|adj. statistical means relating to the use of statistics 统计的; 统计学的E.g.:The report contains a great deal of statistical information.
该报告包含大量统计资料。
3. manufacture|ˌmænjuˈfæktʃər|verb. to make goods in large quantities, using machinery （用机器）大量生产，成批制造
E.g.: They manufacture the class of plastics known as thermoplastic materials.
他们生产被称为热塑材料的塑料类制品。
noun. the act of joining two or more organizations or businesses into one （机构或企业的）合并，归并
E.g.: a merger between the two banks
两家银行的合并
noun. an act of taking control of a company by buying most of its shares 收购；接收；接管
E.g.: He lost his job in a corporate takeover.
他在一次公司收购中丢掉了工作。
verb. to have sth as a result or a likely result 产生…结果；意味着
E.g.: Spending too much now will mean a shortage of cash next years.
现在花销太多就意味着明年现金短缺。
verb. to use power or influence to affect sb/sth 运用；行使；施加
E.g.: The moon exerts a force on the earth that causes the tides.
月球对地球的吸引力引起潮汐。
I think businesses are becoming more open to external influences. In particular, companies are consulting customers more and more before making their business decisions. Companies are finding out what they want and providing it, instead of making products and then trying to sell them, which is the model of years ago. Another influence is that concerns about the environment will force manufacturers to extend product lifecycles, to reduce the amount of pollution and waste. And in some cases, regulation will need to be strengthened. Many societies are much more fluid and democratic, and the structure of companies is changing to reflect that. I think we’re going to see a greater emphasis within companies on teams created with a specific project in mind. And when they’re completed, the teams will be disbanded and new ones formed. More and more people see work as simply one part of their lifestyle, and not the most important one, and as the workforce is shrinking in some countries, businesses are having to compete for staff instead of being able to choose among a lot of applicants.企业现在会先了解客户的需求并满足他们的需求，而不是像多年前那样先生产产品再去销售。adj. willing to listen to and think about new ideas 思想开明的；不固执己见的
E.g.: I'm open to suggestions for what you would like to do in our classes.
我很乐意听听你们对课堂活动的建议。
2. external |ɪkˈstɜːrn(ə)l|adj. happening or coming from outside a place, an organization, your particular situation, etc. 外界的；外来的；在外的
E.g.: A combination of internal and external factors caused the company to close down.
内外因结合导致了公司的倒闭。
verb. to make sth last longer 延长；使延期
E.g.: Careful maintenance can extend the life of your car.
精心保养可延长汽车寿命。
4. regulation |ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃn|noun. regulation is the controlling of an activity or process, usually by means of rules 管理
E.g.: Some in the market now want government regulation in order to reduce costs.
市场上现在有人想要政府来管理以降低成本。
adj. (of a situation形势) likely to change; not fixed 易变的；不稳定的
E.g.: a fluid situation
verb. to stop sb/sth from operating as a group; to separate or no longer operate as a group 解散；解体；散伙
E.g.: The committee formally disbanded in August.
noun. all the people in a country or an area who are available for work（国家或行业等的）劳动力，劳动大军，劳动人口
E.g.: A quarter of the local workforce is/are unemployed.
本地四分之一的劳动力都失业了。
verb. to become or to make sth smaller in size or amount（使）缩小，收缩，减少
E.g.: The market for their products is shrinking.
市场对他们产品的需求在减少。
Part III
Typical examples that will attract and retain staff are traditional ones like flexible hours and—something that has been made possible by advances in technology—remote working, with people based at their home, abroad, or almost anywhere they choose. Management styles will almost certainly continue to change. Senior managers will require a lot more than the efficiency that they’ve always needed. Above all they'll need great skills in leadership, so that their organisation can initiate and respond to change in a fast-moving world, where they face lots of competing requirements and potential conflicts. In most of the world, the senior managers of large businesses are mainly men in their fifties and sixties. The predominant style of management will almost certainly become more consultative and collaborative, caused above all, by more women moving into senior management positions.高层管理人员需要的不仅仅是他们一直以来所要求的效率。verb. to keep sth; to continue to have sth 保持；持有；保留；继续拥有E.g.: The house retains much of its original charm.noun. progress or a development in a particular activity or area of understanding 进步；进展
E.g.: We live in an age of rapid technological advance.
我们生活在技术迅猛发展的时代。
verb. to make sth begin 开始；发起；创始
E.g.: The government has initiated a programme of economic reform.
政府已开始实施经济改革方案。
4. predominant|prɪˈdɑːmɪnənt|adj. having more power or influence than others 占优势的；主导的
E.g.: a predominant culture
主流文化
5. consultative |kənˈsʌltətɪv|adj. giving advice or making suggestions 咨询的；顾问的
E.g.: the consultative committee on local government finance
地方政府财政顾问委员会
6. collaborative |kəˈlæbəreɪtɪv|adj. involving, or done by, several people or groups of people working together 合作的；协作的；协力的
E.g.: collaborative projects/studies/research
合作项目╱研究
Many of the changes are influenced by developments in the wider economy. The traditional emphasis of business was manufacturing, and of course the service sector is very important. But we shouldn’t overlook the growing financial contribution of IP, that is, intellectual property. Some books and films generate enormous sums from the sale of related DVDs, music, games, clothes, and so on. Another point I'd like to make is that although I've been talking about companies, one trend that they have to face is the move away from people working for the same employer for years. Instead, more and more people are becoming self-employed, to gain the freedom and control over their lives that they're unlikely to get from being employed. OK, well that's all I want to say, so let's open it up for discussion.noun. special importance that is given to sth 强调；重视；重要性E.g.: There has been a shift of emphasis from manufacturing to service industries.noun. a part of an area of activity, especially of a country's economy （尤指一国经济的）部门，领域，行业
E.g.: the nation's manufacturing sector
该国的制造部门
verb. to fail to see or notice sth 忽略；未注意到
E.g.: He seems to have overlooked one important fact.
他好像忽略了一个重要的事实。
noun. an amount of money 金额；款项
E.g.: Large sums of money were lost.
大笔大笔的钱损失了。
noun. a general direction in which a situation is changing or developing 趋势；趋向；倾向；动态；动向
E.g.: There is a growing trend towards earlier retirement.
提早退休者有增加的趋势。
noun. a change in ideas, attitudes or behaviour 改变；转变；动摇
E.g.: There has been a move away from nuclear energy.
人们对于原子能的看法已经转变。
10个月宝宝每天需要喝多少奶粉？
