中考资讯导航：宾语从句主要考查语序,时态及连接词。
宾语从句的考查
宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1.考查宾语从句的语序：
宾语从句的语序用陈述句语序。即“主语+谓语+……
Do you know when __________?
A.does the next train leave B.the next train leaves
C.will the next train leave D.the next train will leave
注：若从句时疑问句,但语序不变的有：
1).who在从句中作主语。
Can you tell me _________?(谁将来这儿)
2).what’s wrong / the matter ?
He asked what was the matter with me .
3).what happened
I don’t know what happened yesterday .
4).which is the way to ….?
Can you tell me which is the way to the park ?
2.考查宾语从句的引导词
1).若宾语从句时陈述句时,引导词用that 且that 可省掉。
She said “I’m glad to see you” = She said _____ _____ ______ glad to see me .
2).宾语从句是一般疑问句时,引导词用if 或whether . 一般情况下if /whether 可互换,但后有or not / or ,动词不定式或介词的后面时,只能用whether .
He asked me “Are you going to Wuhan ?” = He asked me ______ _____ _____ going to Wuhan.
3).宾语从句时特殊疑问句时,引导词用特殊疑问词。
Do you know ________? I’m not sure ,Maybe he is a businessman .
A.who he is B.who is he C.what he does D.what does he do
4).若宾语从句时肯定祈使句时,就改为ask /tell sb to do sth .若为否定祈使句,就改为ask /tell sb not to sth .
“Don’t open the door” The teacher said .
= The teacher told me _____ ____ ___ the door .
3.宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
Can you tell me _________? He is a doctor .
A.what is he B.what he was C.what he is D.what was he
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时）。
He asked ____________.
A.what time it is B.what time is it C.what time it was D.what time was it
注：1) 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。
Our teacher said that January_____(be) the first month of the year.
2).若主句为could you …..?表示请求客气的语气,从句的时态仍然不变。
Could you tell me _______?
A.what he was doing B.what was he doing C.what he is doing D.what is he doing
4.if /when 引导状语从句和宾语从句这两种从句。从句的时态的确定。
| if | Whether | When |
条件/时间/让步状语从句 | 如果 | 无论、尽管 | 当…的时候 |
宾语从句 | 是否 | 是否 | 什么时候 |
---Can you guess if they______ to play football with us ?
---I think they will come if they _______free.
A. come , are B. will come , will be C. will come , are D. come , will be
5.宾语从句的简化：
1).宾语从句是陈述句时,且主,从句的主语一致,可简化为“动词+ to do sth”.
I hope I can meet you again .I hope _____ _____ you again .
2).宾语从句是疑问句时,且主,从句的主语一致,或从句的主语与主句的宾语一致。可简化为“疑问词+ to do sth”.
1.I don’t know what I should do next . I don’t know ____ ____ _____ next .
3).hear / see / find + that + 从句,可改为“hear / see / find + sb (要用宾格) + doing sth”.
1.I heard that they were singing in the next room.= I heard _____ _____ in the next room .
宾语从句用法 【速记口诀】 宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。 陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否(if,whether)替；特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移。 三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。 【妙语诠释】宾语从句应注意三点：①引导词,陈述句一般由that引导,这时的that可以省略；一般疑问句则由if或whether引导；而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。②时态,主句是现在时态,从句可用所需要的任何时态；但如果主句是过去时态,从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。③语序,宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序。
一、重难点：
宾语从句时初中阶段重点考点，考试最后一题单选题往往涉及，考查重点主要是从宾语从句的语序和时态入手，判断时态，还原陈述语序也就是做这种题的关键。
二、易错点：
1. if, whether在宾语从句中的区别
在宾语从句中if和whether都是“是否”的意思，但在一下情况下，只能用whether
1). if和whether在作“是否”解时，介词后一般不用if，如：
They are talking about whether she will come tonight.他们在讨论今晚她会不会来。
2). whether后可以加or not，但是if不可以，如：
They don't know whether she will come or not.他们不知道她会不会来。
3). 在不定式前只能用whether，如：
I can't decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
4). 避免歧异时，我们常用whether而不用if，如：
They are wondering if she can come. (×)
They are wondering whether she can come. (√)
注：if只有在宾从中才作“是否”理解，在常见的条件状语从句中翻译为“如果”，如：
If I pass the exam, I will get a present from my mom.如果通过考试，我将从妈妈那里得到个礼物。
2. 宾语从句中不可省略的that
that引导宾语从句没有意思，大多时候可以省略，但若多个宾语从句并列时，第一个that可省略，其余连词后的that必须要在，以表示与前一句宾语从句并列，否则会出现歧义，如：
He admits (that) there are some problems in this software and that it will take a while to solve them.
他承认软件有问题，同时承认解决问题需要一些时间。
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