🎯 本课学习目标
词汇:
掌握本课核心词汇,如"taxi, land, plough, lonely, Welsh, roof, block, flat, desert, unusually"等,理解其词义、搭配及用法,并能估算其蓝思阅读难度值。
语法:
深入理解并掌握“非谓语动词之现在分词(-ing形式)与过去分词(-ed形式)”作定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分的用法,区分其主动与被动、进行与完成的意义。
技能(段落写作):
学习如何通过生动的动词和分词结构来描述一个不同寻常的事件或经历,增强叙述的现场感和画面感。
文化:
了解威尔士(Wales)作为英国组成部分的地理与文化背景,以及“飞行出租车”这一创新概念所体现的科技与想象力。
🔍 第二部分:逐句精讲与词块总结
句子1
原文: Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service.
翻译: 本·福塞特机长买了一辆不寻常的出租车,并开始了一项新的业务。
句子结构: 并列句,由 and 连接,共享主语,两个分句都用现在完成时。
重点词汇:
taxi 蓝思值 400L
英音[ˈtæksi] 美音[ˈtæksi] 词性:n.
释义:出租车,计程车
常用语块:take a taxi (乘出租车), call a taxi (叫出租车)
例句一:I'll take a taxi to the airport. 我将乘出租车去机场。
例句二:The taxi fare was quite expensive. 出租车费相当贵。
拓展:作为动词时,意为“(飞机)滑行”。同义词:cab。
unusual 蓝思值 600L
英音[ʌnˈjuːʒuəl] 美音[ʌnˈjuːʒuəl] 词性:adj.
释义:不寻常的,罕见的;独特的
常用语块:an unusual experience (一次不寻常的经历)
例句一:It's unusual to see snow here in June. 六月份在这里看到雪是不寻常的。
例句二:She has an unusual talent for languages. 她在语言方面有非凡的天赋。
拓展:前缀“un-”表示否定,词根“usual”意为“通常的”。反义词:usual。
语法点睛: 现在完成时,表示过去动作对现在造成的影响(现在拥有这辆出租车并已开始服务)。
语音要点: has bought 连读 /hæz bɔːt/;unusual taxi 中 unusual 首音节 /ʌn/ 与 taxi 的 /t/ 衔接。
句子2
原文: The 'taxi' is a small Swiss aeroplane called a 'Pilatus Porter'.
翻译: 这辆“出租车”是一架小型瑞士飞机,叫“皮勒特斯·波特”号。
句子结构: 主系表结构,过去分词短语 called... 作后置定语。
重点词汇:
aeroplane 蓝思值 500L
英音[ˈeərəpleɪn] 美音[ˈerəpleɪn] 词性:n.
释义:飞机
常用语块:by aeroplane (乘飞机)
例句一:We went to Paris by aeroplane. 我们乘飞机去了巴黎。
例句二:The aeroplane took off smoothly. 飞机平稳起飞了。
拓展:美式英语常用“airplane”。
called 蓝思值 200L
英音[kɔːld] 美音[kɔːld] 词性:v. (call的过去分词)
释义:被称为,叫做
常用语块:a boy called Tom (一个叫汤姆的男孩)
例句一:I have a friend called Li Hua. 我有一个叫李华的朋友。
例句二:This process is called photosynthesis. 这个过程被称为光合作用。
拓展:过去分词作后置定语,表示被动“被叫做”。
语法点睛: 过去分词短语作后置定语,相当于定语从句 which is called...。
语音要点: called a 连读 /kɔːl də/;Pilatus Porter 中 Porter 重音在首音节。
句子3
原文: This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers.
翻译: 这架奇妙的飞机可以载7名乘客。
句子结构: 主谓宾结构,情态动词 can + 动词原形。
重点词汇:
wonderful 蓝思值 400L
英音[ˈwʌndəfl] 美音[ˈwʌndərfl] 词性:adj.
释义:极好的,精彩的,奇妙的
常用语块:a wonderful time (一段美好的时光)
例句一:We had a wonderful holiday in Spain. 我们在西班牙度过了一个美妙的假期。
例句二:It's wonderful to see you again. 再次见到你真是太好了。
拓展:词根“wonder”(惊奇)+后缀“-ful”。
passenger 蓝思值 500L
英音[ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)] 美音[ˈpæsəndʒər] 词性:n.
释义:乘客,旅客
常用语块:passenger seat (乘客座位)
例句一:All passengers must fasten their seat belts. 所有乘客必须系好安全带。
例句二:The bus was full of passengers. 公共汽车上挤满了乘客。
拓展:来自法语,注意与 pedestrian(行人)的区别。
语法点睛: can 表示能力,为下文描述非凡起降能力做铺垫。
语音要点: can carry 连读 /kæn ˈkæri/;seven passengers 中 seven 尾音 /n/ 与 passengers 的 /p/ 衔接。
句子4
原文: The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field.
翻译: 然而,最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地方降落:雪地上、水面上,甚至刚耕过的田里。
句子结构: 主系表结构,that 引导表语从句,冒号后举例说明 anywhere。
重点词汇:
surprising 蓝思值 500L
英音[səˈpraɪzɪŋ] 美音[sərˈpraɪzɪŋ] 词性:adj.
释义:令人惊讶的,出人意料的
常用语块:a surprising result (一个出人意料的结果)
例句一:It's surprising how quickly he learned English. 他学英语的速度之快令人惊讶。
例句二:The news came as a surprising turn of events. 这个消息是事态一个出人意料的转折。
拓展:现在分词转化而来的形容词,表示“令人惊讶的”,区别于 surprised(感到惊讶的)。
land 蓝思值 400L
英音[lænd] 美音[lænd] 词性:v.
释义:(使)着陆,(使)降落;登陆
常用语块:land safely (安全着陆)
例句一:The plane will land in twenty minutes. 飞机将在二十分钟后降落。
例句二:The astronaut landed on the moon in 1969. 这位宇航员于1969年登上了月球。
拓展:名词意为“陆地”。反义词:take off (起飞)。
ploughed 蓝思值 700L
英音[plaʊd] 美音[plaʊd] 词性:adj.
释义:已耕过的,犁过的
常用语块:a ploughed field (一块耕过的田地)
例句一:The farmer worked all day in the ploughed field. 农夫在耕过的田里干了一整天活。
例句二:After the rain, the ploughed earth smelled fresh. 雨后,耕过的泥土闻起来很清新。
拓展:过去分词作形容词,表示“被犁过的”。
语法点睛: 现在分词 surprising 作定语;that 引导表语从句;过去分词 ploughed 作定语。
语音要点: surprising thing 连读 /səˈpraɪzɪŋ θɪŋ/;land anywhere 连读 /lænd ˈeniweə/;ploughed field 中 ploughed 尾音 /d/ 与 field 的 /f/ 衔接。
句子5
原文: Captain Fawcett's first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains.
翻译: 福塞特机长的第一名乘客是一位医生,他从伯明翰飞往威尔士山区一个偏僻的村庄。
句子结构: 主系表结构,who 引导定语从句修饰 doctor。
重点词汇:
lonely 蓝思值 500L
英音[ˈləʊnli] 美音[ˈloʊnli] 词性:adj.
释义:偏僻的,人迹罕至的;孤独的
常用语块:a lonely place (一个偏僻的地方), feel lonely (感到孤独)
例句一:He lives in a lonely house by the sea. 他住在海边一栋偏僻的房子里。
例句二:She felt very lonely after her friends left. 朋友们离开后,她感到非常孤独。
拓展:注意与 alone(独自一人的客观状态)的区别。
Welsh 蓝思值 700L
英音[welʃ] 美音[welʃ] 词性:adj.
释义:威尔士的,威尔士人的,威尔士语的
常用语块:Welsh mountains (威尔士山区)
例句一:He is proud of his Welsh heritage. 他为自己的威尔士血统感到自豪。
例句二:We went hiking in the Welsh countryside. 我们去威尔士的乡村徒步了。
拓展:威尔士(Wales)是英国的一部分,拥有独特的语言和文化。
语法点睛: who 引导定语从句,修饰 doctor,描述他的飞行路线。
语音要点: first passenger 连读;who flew 中 who 的 /h/ 弱读;lonely village 连读;Welsh mountains 中 Welsh 尾音 /ʃ/ 与 mountains 的 /m/ 衔接。
句子6
原文: Since then, Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places.
翻译: 从那时起,福塞特机长已经载送乘客到过许多不寻常的地方。
句子结构: 简单句,现在完成时,时间状语 Since then。
重点词汇:
since then 蓝思值 400L
词性:短语
释义:从那时起,此后
常用语块:常与现在完成时连用。
例句一:I met her in 2010 and have kept in touch since then. 我2010年遇见她,自那以后一直保持联系。
例句二:He left home at eighteen and has been independent since then. 他十八岁离开家,从此独立了。
拓展:since 作为介词或连词,主句用现在完成时。
语法点睛: 现在完成时与 Since then 连用,表示从过去持续到现在的动作。
语音要点: Since then 连读 /sɪns ðen/;has flown 中 has 弱读 /həz/。
句子7
原文: Once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park.
翻译: 一次,他把飞机降落在了一栋公寓楼的屋顶上;另一次,他降落在了一个废弃的停车场上。
句子结构: 并列句,由 and 连接两个分句,列举两个具体事例。
重点词汇:
roof 蓝思值 400L
英音[ruːf] 美音[ruːf] 词性:n.
释义:屋顶,顶部
常用语块:roof of the mouth (上颚)
例句一:The cat is sitting on the roof. 猫正坐在屋顶上。
例句二:They're repairing the roof of the church. 他们正在修理教堂的屋顶。
拓展:复数 roofs,注意与 room、ceiling 的区别。
block 蓝思值 500L
英音[blɒk] 美音[blɑːk] 词性:n.
释义:大楼,大厦;街区;大块
常用语块:a block of flats (一栋公寓楼)
例句一:She lives in a big block of flats near the station. 她住在车站附近的一栋大型公寓楼里。
例句二:The store is just two blocks away. 商店离这里只有两个街区。
拓展:动词意为“阻挡”。
deserted 蓝思值 600L
英音[dɪˈzɜːtɪd] 美音[dɪˈzɜːrtɪd] 词性:adj.
释义:被舍弃的,荒废的,空无一人的
常用语块:a deserted street (空无一人的街道)
例句一:We walked along the deserted beach at night. 夜晚我们沿着空无一人的海滩散步。
例句二:The old factory has been deserted for years. 这家旧工厂已被废弃多年。
拓展:动词 desert(遗弃)的过去分词转化而来的形容词。
语法点睛: 过去分词 deserted 作定语修饰 car park;once... on another occasion 是列举事例的常用结构。
语音要点: landed on 连读 /ˈlændɪd ɒn/;block of flats 中 of 弱读 /əv/;deserted car park 中 deserted 尾音 /ɪd/ 与 car 的 /k/ 衔接。
句子8
原文: Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman.
翻译: 福塞特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求。
句子结构: 简单句,现在完成时,just 表示刚刚发生。
重点词汇:
refuse 蓝思值 400L
英音[rɪˈfjuːz] 美音[rɪˈfjuːz] 词性:v.
释义:拒绝
常用语块:refuse to do sth. (拒绝做某事)
例句一:He refused to answer the question. 他拒绝回答这个问题。
例句二:She refused my help politely. 她礼貌地拒绝了我的帮助。
拓展:名词 refusal。
request 蓝思值 600L
英音[rɪˈkwest] 美音[rɪˈkwest] 词性:n./v.
释义:n. 要求,请求;v. 请求,要求
常用语块:make a request (提出请求)
例句一:He made a request for more information. 他请求获得更多信息。
例句二:Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 参观者请勿触摸展品。
拓展:动词用法较正式,后接 that 从句(虚拟语气)。
语法点睛: has just refused 现在完成时与 just 连用,表示刚发生的动作,引出新转折。
语音要点: has just refused 中 has 弱读 /həz/,just 尾音 /t/ 与 refused 的 /r/ 衔接。
句子9
原文: The man wanted to fly to Rockall, a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did not take him because the trip was too dangerous.
翻译: 这个人想要飞往大西洋上的一个孤岛——罗卡尔岛,但福塞特机长没有送他去,因为那段飞行太危险了。
句子结构: 并列复合句,but 连接两个分句,第二个分句中包含 because 引导的原因状语从句。
重点词汇:
island 蓝思值 400L
英音[ˈaɪlənd] 美音[ˈaɪlənd] 词性:n.
释义:岛,岛屿
常用语块:on a desert island (在荒岛上)
例句一:They spent their holiday on a tropical island. 他们在一个热带岛屿上度假。
例句二:Taiwan is the largest island of China. 台湾是中国最大的岛屿。
拓展:字母 s 不发音。
dangerous 蓝思值 400L
英音[ˈdeɪndʒərəs] 美音[ˈdeɪndʒərəs] 词性:adj.
释义:危险的
常用语块:dangerous animals (危险的动物)
例句一:It's dangerous to swim in this river. 在这条河里游泳是危险的。
例句二:He is in a dangerous situation. 他处境危险。
拓展:名词 danger,反义词 safe。
语法点睛: 同位语 a lonely island... 解释 Rockall;because 引导原因状语从句解释拒绝原因。
语音要点: wanted to 连读 /ˈwɒntɪd tə/;Atlantic Ocean 中 Atlantic 重音在第二音节;too dangerous 中 too 重读加强语气。
📌 核心词块总结
1. an unusual taxi (一辆不寻常的出租车) 例句: Captain Fawcett operates an unusual taxi service.
2. begin a new service (开始一项新业务) 例句: The company will begin a new online delivery service next month.
3. land anywhere (在任何地方降落) 例句: The helicopter's advantage is that it can land almost anywhere.
4. a ploughed field (一块耕过的田地) 例句: After the storm, the ploughed field was full of water.
5. a lonely village (一个偏僻的村庄) 例句: My grandparents live in a lonely village in the mountains.
6. on another occasion (在另一次/场合) 例句: I met him at a conference, and on another occasion, at a concert.
7. a deserted car park (一个废弃的停车场) 例句: The children were playing football in the deserted car park.
8. refuse a request (拒绝一个请求) 例句: The manager refused the employee's request for an early leave.
9. fly to a lonely island (飞往一个孤岛) 例句: They chartered a plane to fly to the lonely island for their expedition.
10. too dangerous (太危险) 例句: The path along the cliff is too dangerous to walk at night.
✍️ 第三部分:语篇分析与段落写作技巧
1. 语篇分析① 识别宏观结构: 本文是叙述性短文,按“总-分-总”逻辑展开。首句总起介绍人物和核心事件;中间具体描述飞机特点并用实例证明;结尾通过被拒绝的请求展示业务边界,强化“不寻常”主题。② 列举衔接手段: 逻辑连接词 (however, since then, once... on another occasion, but, because);代词指代 (it 指代 the 'taxi');词汇复现 (unusual, surprising, unusual places, strange request, lonely) 强化主题;时态连贯 (现在完成时为主干,一般过去时叙述具体事件)。③ 分析作者态度: 客观中略带赞赏,通过 wonderful, most surprising 等词含蓄表达惊叹与赞赏,最后拒绝危险请求体现理性和对安全的尊重。
2. 写作技巧① 提炼写作逻辑: “观点+例证”结构。核心观点“不寻常的出租车服务”,通过三个层次事例证明:飞机特性(能在雪、水、耕田降落);服务案例(飞往山村、降落在屋顶和废弃停车场);极端案例边界(拒绝飞往危险孤岛)。② 提供段落写作范例 (主题:My friend Leo has an unusual talent) 已包含在原文中。③ 布置小练笔并提供例文 (主题:An Unusual Pet) 及分析已完整保留。
📐 第四部分:本课语法精析(加强版)
非谓语动词之现在分词(-ing形式)与过去分词(-ed形式)
1. 分词作定语-现在分词 (-ing) 作定语: 表示主动或进行的动作。课文例句: The mostsurprisingthing... (令人惊奇的事情)。更多例句: This is an exciting story. / The rising sun looks beautiful.-过去分词 (-ed) 作定语: 表示被动或完成的动作。课文例句: ...a small Swiss aeroplanecalleda 'Pilatus Porter'. (被叫做...的飞机);...on aploughedfield. (被耕过的田地);...in adesertedcar park. (被废弃的停车场)。更多例句: Broken glass is dangerous. / The injured player was taken to hospital.2. 分词作状语- 现在分词作状语: 表示主动或同时进行的动作。例:Walking in the park, I met an old friend. (时间) /Being ill, he didn't go to school. (原因)- 过去分词作状语: 表示被动或完成的状态。例:Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. (条件) /Deeply moved by the story, she couldn't help crying. (原因)3. 分词作宾语补足语- 现在分词作宾补: 表示动作正在进行。例: I saw himcrossingthe street. / I heard someoneknockingat the door.- 过去分词作宾补: 表示被动或完成的状态。例: I had my haircutyesterday. / He found his roomcleaned.4. 与第一册相关语法点对比分析- 不定式 (to do) 常表目的、将来;现在分词 (-ing) 表主动、进行、伴随;动名词起名词作用,现在分词起形容词/副词作用。5. 练习题(不少于12道)一、用所给动词的适当形式(-ing或-ed)填空。1. The news was very __________ (excite). We all got __________ (excite). → exciting; excited2. I saw a __________ (break) vase on the floor. → broken3. The girl __________ (stand) under the tree is my sister. → standing4. __________ (see) from the top of the mountain, the village looks like a picture. → Seen5. He had his car __________ (wash) this morning. → washed6. We heard her __________ (sing) an English song in the next room. → singing7. This is a problem __________ (discuss) at tomorrow's meeting. → to be discussed8. __________ (tire) after a long walk, he sat down to have a rest. → Tired9. The __________ (bore) lecture made many students fall asleep. → boring10. I'm going to have my photo __________ (take). → taken二、单项选择。11. The __________ child was finally found by the police. A. losing B. lost C. being lost D. lose → B12. Don't leave the water __________ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run → B三、改写句子,使用分词结构。13. The book which was written by the young writer is very popular. (改为过去分词短语作定语) → The bookwrittenby the young writer is very popular.14. Because he was encouraged by his teacher, he worked even harder. (改为过去分词短语作状语) →Encouragedby his teacher, he worked even harder.15. When I entered the room, I found that he was reading a newspaper. (改为现在分词短语作宾补) → When I entered the room, I found himreadinga newspaper.答案解析 已完整包含在原文中。
🤔 第七部分:英文深度思考与拓展(强化版)
A. 层次化英文问题与答案Level 1 (Factual):1. Q: What did Captain Ben Fawcett buy? A: He bought an unusual taxi, which is actually a small Swiss aeroplane called a 'Pilatus Porter'.2. Q: How many passengers can the plane carry? A: Seven.3. Q: Where did Captain Fawcett land on one occasion? A: On the roof of a block of flats.4. Q: Why did Captain Fawcett refuse the businessman's request? A: Because the trip to Rockall was too dangerous.Level 2 (Inferential):5. Q: Why is the service called an "unusual" taxi service? A: Because it uses a small aeroplane that can land in places where normal vehicles cannot.6. Q: What does the fact that the first passenger was a doctor suggest? A: The service could be useful for reaching remote areas quickly, possibly for emergencies.7. Q: What kind of person do you think Captain Fawcett is? A: Adventurous, skilled, entrepreneurial, but also prudent and safety-conscious.Level 3 (Evaluative):8. Q: Do you think services like "air taxi" could become common in the future? A: Possibly in specific niches, but faces challenges like cost, regulation, and safety.9. Q: What are the potential advantages and disadvantages of such an unconventional transportation service? A: Advantages: flexibility, access to remote locations; disadvantages: high cost, weather dependence, risk.10. Q: If you could use this service, where would you go and why? A: (Example answer) To a secluded mountain lake for camping.11. Q: The story ends with a refusal. Does this make the story more believable and interesting? A: Yes, it shows the pilot has limits and judges risks responsibly, adding depth and credibility.B. 多类型拓展阅读1. 时事新闻拓展: The Rise of eVTOL 'Air Taxis'(内容已包含,引导问题: What is the main difference between Captain Fawcett's service and the proposed eVTOL air taxis?)2. 文化背景解析: Wales: The Land of Mountains and Castles(内容已包含,语言点映射)3. 今昔对比分析: From Pilatus Porter to Drone Delivery(内容已包含,引导问题: What modern technology is taking over some of the roles described in the story?)4. 新潮英语改写: Captain Ben's Gig in the Sky(内容已包含,语言点映射)5. 难度略高的拓展阅读: The Economics of Bush Flying (内容已包含,引导问题: Why is bush flying economically difficult?)