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Unit1_Taking in_Listening to China_听力原文
The Chongyang Festival, also referred to as the Double Ninth Festival, falls on the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. The number nine is regarded as yang in Chinese culture, which represents positive forces, life, and brightness, hence the festival is given the name “Chongyang”. In addition, the word “nine” shares the same pronunciation as the word for “long” or “forever” in Chinese, so “double ninth” implies good health and a long life.
The festival has a long history of over 2,000 years. According to some research, its origin can be traced back to the Warring States Period, when it was mainly celebrated among royal families. It became widely celebrated after the Wei and Jin dynasties, and was officially declared to be a festival during the Tang Dynasty.
The most important tradition of the Chongyang Festival is respecting the elderly. Seniors are assets of families and society, representing valuable sources of wisdom, creation, and inheritance. Respecting and caring for the elderly is one of the most fundamental moral principles in Chinese culture.
One key tradition of the Chongyang Festival involves honoring older people through specific gestures of respect and appreciation. Actions, such as adult children returning home to visit their elderly parents, presenting them with gifts, or arranging special meals or outings, all have a special significance on this day. These actions embody the underlying value of the Chinese culture that respects and appreciates the wisdom, experiences, and contributions of the older generation.
Another custom is ascending heights or climbing mountains. The festival is a perfect time for outdoor activities. With the clear autumn sky and bracing air, many people climb mountains to enjoy the beauty of nature.
Other traditions include eating Chongyang cake, appreciating chrysanthemum flowers, and drinking chrysanthemum wine, among others. Because the ninth lunar month is the time of a fruitful harvest, these activities bring family members together in a joyous festive atmosphere to remember their ancestors, strengthen their ties, and wish each other health, happiness, and prosperity.
In modern times, the Chongyang Festival has taken on new meanings. In 1989, the Chinese government set it as Senior’s Day to promote respect for the elderly. In 2006, it was listed as an item of China’s national intangible cultural heritage. Its abundant cultural meanings are important components of Chinese culture.
Unit1_Taking in_Viewing world cultures_听力原文
N = Narrator; B = Dr. Bradley Willcox
N: The remote island of Okinawa is home to one of the longest-living communities in the world. In a population of only one million, there are 900 centenarians, a percentage that’s over four times higher than Britain and America. It’s a place where age has a different meaning … where people like Mr. Miyagi can expect to live way beyond his 92nd year. Unaware of the latest diet or lifestyle fad, Mr. Miyagi has developed his own way of defying the aging process.
B: They’re not thinking about “Gee, if I do this, I’m not gonna live as long, if I … I have one extra drink or if I eat this food or …” – they’re not thinking about that at all. Most of them couldn’t care less what the scientists think. They just go about their business and live. They just happen to live a very long time.
N: The explanation for this extraordinary phenomenon begins in the most ordinary of places. Like every town in Okinawa, the fruit and vegetable shop in Ogimi lies at the heart of village life. It’s here that Bradley and Craig believe the source of the Okinawa miracle can be traced. For the past 20 years, Bradley and Craig have been analyzing the life-enhancing Okinawan ingredients.
B: Got reds here in the tomatoes, the peppers. You’ve got green peppers here.
N: They’ve identified a number of crucial properties that guard the Okinawans from disease, from the antioxidant-rich vegetables that protect against cell damage, to the high quantities of soya proteins. In Ogimi, 100-year-old Matsu is preparing a traditional Okinawan dish using all the vital ingredients. It’s only after the food is served that the mostsignificant Okinawan tradition can be observed.
B: The Okinawan developed also cultural habits over the years that appear to have a health-protective properties. They have a saying called “hara hachi bu”- eat until you’re only 80 percent full.
N: In a typical day, Mstsu only consumes around 1,200 calories, about 20 percent less than most people in Britain and America.
B: In the West, we’re very much focused on getting more for our money, and one of the most popular things is all these all-you-can-eat restaurants. You go and you load up at the, at the, er, the all-you-can-eat restaurant, and you, you walk away with this bloated feeling and you ... you may have got your money’s worth, but you probably didn’t get your, your health’s worth, because what you’re doing is just digging yourself into an early grave.
