一、翻译案例【案例1】电器安全说明原文标题：Read all instructions before using this appliance参考译文：使用本设备前，请阅读全部的使用说明原文1：This appliance cannot be used by children aged under eight or persons with reduced physical, sensory or mental capabilities.参考译文：8岁以下儿童或身体、感官或智力有损伤的人不可以使用本电器。原文2：Those who lack experience and knowledge can use this appliance if they have been given instruction concerning the use of the appliance in a safe way and understand the hazards involved.参考译文：缺乏经验和知识的人使用本设备的前提是他们已接受安全使用电器的指导，并了解所涉及的危险。原文3：Children shall not play with the appliance.参考译文：请勿让儿童将本电器当成玩具。原文4：Cleaning and maintenance shall not be made by children without supervision.参考译文：在没有监督的情况下，儿童不得对本电器进行清洁和维修。警告标题：Warning — to reduce the risk of fire, electric shock or injury参考译文：警告——为了降低火灾、触电或受伤的风险警告1：Do not leave the appliance when it is plugged in. Unplug the appliance from the outlet when it is not in use.参考译文：接通电源时，请勿离开电器。不使用电器时，请拔下电源插头。警告2：Do not use it outdoors or on wet surfaces.参考译文：请勿在户外或潮湿的表面使用电器。警告3：Do not use it with a damaged cord or plug. If the appliance has been damaged, left outdoors, or dropped into water, return it to a service center.参考译文：电线或插头有损坏时，请勿使用电器。如果电器损坏，留在室外或掉进水里，请将其送到服务中心。警告4：Do not unplug the appliance from the outlet by pulling on a cord. To unplug it, grasp the plug, not the cord.参考译文：拔电源插头时，请不要拽电线。拔插头时，请握住插头，而不是电线。警告5：Do not handle the plug or appliance with wet hands.参考译文：手上沾水时，请勿接触插头或电器。警告6：Do not put any object into openings. Do not use the appliance with any opening blocked.参考译文：请勿在开口处放置任何物品。开口堵塞时，请勿使用电器。警告7：Do not use it in areas where flammable or combustible liquids may be present.参考译文：禁止在可能存在易燃或可燃液体的区域内使用电器。[翻译技巧]1. 默认阅读者为成年人，翻译要符合汉语习惯。2. with wet hands 译为“手上沾水时”。3. 情态动词 shall 在说明书中通常译为“必须；应当”，shall not 译为“不得；请勿”。[重点词汇]sensory 感觉的；知觉的；感官的capability 才能；能力flammable 易燃的combustible 易燃的；可燃的【案例2】扫地机器人电池与充电原文标题：Battery and charging参考译文：电池与充电原文：The auto-empty base must be removed from the socket-outlet before we clean or maintain the appliance.参考译文：在清洁或维修电器之前，必须将自动集尘底座从插座上取下。警告：Warning: For the purpose of recharging the battery, only use the auto-empty base (Model: SD01 & SD02) provided with this appliance.参考译文：警告：为电池充电时，只能使用电器自带的自动集尘底座（型号：SD01和SD02）。电池注意事项：1. The auto-empty base only for charging the lithium-ion battery of the robot cleaner.参考译文：自动集尘底座只能给扫地机器人的锂离子电池充电。2. Do not charge the non-rechargeable battery.参考译文：请勿给不可充电电池充电。3. For indoor use only.参考译文：仅供室内使用。4. Battery type of the remote control: AAA.参考译文：遥控器的电池类型：7号电池。5. Different types of batteries or new and used batteries are not to be mixed.参考译文：不同类型的电池或新旧电池不得混用。6. Batteries are to be inserted with the correct polarity.参考译文：应以正确的极性插入电池。7. Exhausted batteries are to be removed from the appliance and safely disposed of.参考译文：应从电器中取出耗尽电量的电池并安全处理该电池。8. If the appliance is to be unused for a long period, the batteries are removed.参考译文：如果长期不使用电器，则应取出电池。9. The supply terminals are not to be short-circuited.参考译文：供电终端不能短路。极化用法说明：1. To reduce the risk of electric shock, this appliance has a polarized plug (one blade is wider than the other). This plug will fit in a polarized outlet only one way.参考译文：为了降低触电风险，电器配有极化插头（插头的一个刀片比另一个刀片宽）。该插头只能以一种方式插入极化插座中。2. If the plug does not fit fully in the outlet, reverse the plug. If it still does not fit, contact a qualified electrician to install the proper outlet. Do not change the plug in any way.参考译文：如果插头不能完全插入插座，请将插头反向插入。如果仍然不合适，请联系有资质的电工安装适配的插座。切勿以任何方式更换插头。[翻译技巧]1. 产品部件名要按行业通行叫法意译，如 auto-empty base 意译为“自动集尘底座”。[重点词汇]remote control 遥控器short-circuit （使）短路polarized plug 极化插头【案例3】纯大豆蛋白粉原文标题：Pure Soy Protein Powder — 100% soy protein, vegetarian formula.参考译文：纯大豆蛋白粉——100%大豆蛋白，植物配方。原文1：Pure Soy Protein Powder supplies important nutrients which the body requires daily for optimum health.参考译文：纯大豆蛋白粉提供身体每日保持最佳健康状态所需的重要营养成分。原文2：It is low in fat and free of carbohydrates and provides essential amino acids in a versatile powder.参考译文：本产品为一种多功能粉末，可提供身体健康所需的氨基酸。产品脂肪含量低，不含碳水化合物。原文3：It is also a superior protein source for vegetarians and vegans.参考译文：本品还是素食者和绝对素食者的最佳蛋白质来源。原文4：Enjoy the benefits of our low-calorie soy protein powder.参考译文：请享受低热量大豆蛋白粉的好处。原文5：Just mix it with milk or your favorite beverage.参考译文：将本品混入牛奶或您喜欢的饮料中即可食用。产品成分表(Ingredients)：Energy (能量): ≥1690 kj (千焦)Protein (蛋白质): ≥16 g (克)Fat (脂肪): ≥8 g (克)Carbohydrate (碳水化合物): ≤69 g (克)Fructose (果糖): ≥450 mg (毫克)Lecithin (卵磷脂): ≥160 mg (毫克)Linoleic acid (亚油酸): ≥3200 mg (毫克)Linolenic acid (亚麻酸): ≥400 mg (毫克)Calcium (钙): 300-680 mg (毫克)保存期限：The shelf life of the product is 12 months in the unopened original packaging if it is stored 10-25°C under cool and dry conditions.参考译文：未拆开原包装前，在10℃-25℃阴凉干燥环境下储存产品，产品的保存期为12个月。[重点词汇]nutrient 营养物carbohydrate 碳水化合物amino acid 氨基酸vegan 绝对素食者fructose 果糖lecithin 卵磷脂linoleic acid 亚油酸linolenic acid 亚麻酸【案例4】药品说明购买提示：Do not purchase the product if the box has been opened or shows signs of tampering.参考译文：如果盒子已打开或有损坏迹象，请勿购买。原文标题：Drug facts参考译文：药物说明栏目1：Active ingredient: Sodium bicarbonate / Purpose: Antacid参考译文：有效成分：碳酸氢钠 / 用途：抗酸剂效用：Use — To relieve heartburn, sour stomach, acid indigestion, and stomach upset due to these symptoms.参考译文：效用——可缓解胃灼热、胃酸、酸性物质引起的消化不良及以上症状引起的肠胃不适。警告1：Do not use the product if you are on a sodium restricted diet unless directed by a doctor.参考译文：如果您的饮食限制钠的摄取，除非有医嘱，否则请勿使用本品。警告2：Ask a doctor or pharmacist before use if you are taking a prescription drug. Antacids may interact with certain prescription drugs.参考译文：如果您正在服用处方药，服用前请向医生或药剂师咨询。抗酸剂可能会和某些处方药互相作用。警告3：Do not administer the product to children under the age of five.参考译文：5岁以下儿童请勿使用。胃警告1：To avoid serious injury, do not take the product until the powder is completely dissolved. Don't take this product when overly full from food or drink.参考译文：为了避免严重伤害，直到粉末完全溶解后才能服用。如果饮食过饱，请勿服用本品。胃警告2：Consult a doctor if severe stomach pain occurs after taking this product.参考译文：如果服用本品后感到严重胃痛，请咨询医生。胃警告3：Stop taking the drug and ask a doctor if symptoms last more than two weeks.参考译文：如果症状持续超过两周，请停止服用并向医生询问。其他说明：Other information — Each 1/2 teaspoon contains 616 mgs of sodium.参考译文：其他说明——每1/2茶匙含616毫克钠。用法用量：1. Add 1/2 teaspoon to 1/2 glass of water every two hours, or as directed by a physician. Accurately measure 1/2 teaspoon.参考译文：每两个小时将1/2茶匙的药加入1/2杯的水中服用，或遵医嘱。准确量出1/2茶匙的药。2. Do not take more than the following amounts in 24 hours: Seven portions of 1/2 teaspoon; Three portions of 1/2 teaspoon if you are over 60 years old.参考译文：在24小时内请勿服用超过以下剂量的药：7份1/2茶匙；60岁以上群体，3份1/2茶匙。3. Do not use the maximum dosage for more than two weeks.参考译文：服用最大剂量的时间不超过两星期。[翻译技巧]1. 商品说明书中通常把被动语态译成主动句（如：unless directed by a doctor 译为“除非有医嘱”）。2. you 通常译为“您”，体现出对消费者的尊重。[重点词汇]tamper 损坏sodium bicarbonate 碳酸氢钠antacid 抗酸剂；解酸剂heartburn 胃灼热indigestion 消化不良administer 给予（药物或治疗）dissolve 溶解二、课后翻译练习与讲解【练习1】熨斗重要使用说明原文1：For optimal safety, read these instructions carefully and look at the illustrations before you start using the appliance. Keep these instructions for future reference.参考译文：为保证最佳安全，在开始使用电器前，请仔细阅读使用说明书并查看示意图。请保管本使用说明书，以便日后参考。原文2：Never leave the iron unattended when it is connected to the mains.参考译文：严禁在无人照管的情况下接通熨斗电源。原文3：This appliance is not intended for use by children.参考译文：儿童不宜使用本电器。原文4：Keep an eye on children to make sure that they do not play with the appliance.参考译文：看管好儿童，确保他们不会把本电器当成玩具。原文5：The soleplate of the iron can become extremely hot and may cause burns if touched.参考译文：熨斗底座变得非常烫。如触摸熨斗底座，可能会引起烫伤。原文6：Never use the appliance if it is damaged.参考译文：如果电器损坏，切勿使用。原文7：When you have finished ironing, when you clean the appliance, when you fill or empty the water tank and also when you leave the iron even for a short while: Set the steam control to position 0, put the iron on its heel and remove the plug from the wall socket.参考译文：完成熨烫时，清洁本电器时，加注或清空水箱时，即使离开熨斗也只有一会儿时，请将蒸汽控制旋钮调至位置0，把熨斗竖放，并从墙壁插座上拔下插头。原文8：If the supply cord is damaged, it must be replaced by a special cord or assembly.参考译文：如果电源线损坏，必须用专用的电线或配件更换。原文9：Check if the voltage indicated on the iron corresponds to the local mains voltage before you connect the mains.参考译文：在连接电源前，请检查熨斗上标示的电压是否与当地电源电压匹配。【练习2】使用电池和充电器的注意事项原文1：Charge the battery before it is to be used. A charged battery unused will gradually lose its power over time.参考译文：使用电池前，请充电。如果不使用充电电池，随着时间的推移充电电池会逐渐耗尽电量。原文2：After charging the battery, detach it and unplug the charger from the outlet.参考译文：充电结束后，取下电池并从电源插座上拔下充电器插头。原文3：Use the battery in an ambient temperature range of 0-40°C. To attain the best battery performance, an ambient temperature range of 10-30℃ is recommended. In cold locations such as snowy areas, battery performance and operation time may temporarily decrease.参考译文：在0℃-40℃的环境温度范围内使用电池。为了获得最佳电池性能，建议在温度范围10℃-30℃的环境下使用电池。在雪地等寒冷场所，电池性能可能暂时降低，工作时间可能暂时缩短。原文4：When not using the camera, remove the battery. If the battery is left in the camera for a prolonged period, a small amount of power current is released, which results in excess discharge and shorter battery life. Take out the battery from the camera and attach the protective cover to the battery before storing it. Storing the battery after it is fully charged can lower the battery's performance.参考译文：不使用相机时，请取出电池。如果电池长期留在相机内，小部分电流的释放会导致过度放电和电池寿命缩短。存放电池前，请将电池从相机中取出，并给电池装上保护盖。存放已充满电的电池会降低其性能。原文5：The battery charger can also be used in foreign countries. The battery charger is compatible with a 100-240V AC, 50/60 Hz power source. Use a commercially-available plug adapter for that country. Do not attach any portable voltage transformer to the battery charger. Doing so can damage the battery charger.参考译文：在国外也可以使用电池充电器。电池充电器适用于交流电100-240伏、频率50/60赫兹的电源。使用市面有售的该国插头适配器。请勿将任何便携式变压器连接到电池充电器，这么做会损坏电池充电器。原文6：If the battery becomes exhausted quickly even after being fully charged, replace the battery with a new one.参考译文：如果电池即使在充满电后迅速耗尽电量，请更换新电池。【练习3】药品功效句原文：The medicine adjusts, invigorates and rejuvenates the body, and speeds up the patient's recovery.参考译文：本药品有调理、增强和恢复身体活力之效。解析：三个并列动词 adjusts / invigorates / rejuvenates 名词化译为“有……之效”；speeds up the patient's recovery 并入整体精练表达。【练习4】超声波加湿器原文1（原理）：Operation principle of the ultrasonic humidifier — Ultrasonic humidifiers atomize the water into ultramicron by using the ultrasonic high frequency oscillation principle and diffuse the water mist into the air by means of the pneumatic device to uniformly humidify the air. As a proven technology, the ultrasonic technology has been widely used in various fields.参考译文：超声波加湿器工作原理——超声波加湿器采用超声波高频振荡的原理，将水雾化成超微粒子，通过风动装置将水雾扩散到空气中，从而达到均匀加湿空气的目的。作为一种已验证的技术，超声波技术已被广泛应用到各个领域。原文2（缺水保护）：Automatic lack-of-water protection — Water level protection switch will stop the transducer from atomizing when the water level in the water basin is below the pre-calculated level in order to protect the transducer from being burned down, while the power light is still on, with the fan working.参考译文：缺水自动保护——当水箱中的水位低于预定位置时，水位保护开关控制换能器停止喷雾，以保护换能器不被烧坏。此时电源指示灯仍亮着，风机保持运转状态。原文3（湿度平衡）：Automatic humidity balance — The automatic continuous humidity knob of this model allows you to select your desired humidity level. Its continuous humidity control function will maintain the humidity environment at the set level.参考译文：湿度自动平衡——您使用该型号的自动恒湿旋钮选择合适的湿度水平。连续湿度控制功能可以使环境湿度保持在设定的水平。原文4（雾量可调）：Adjustable mist — The output selection knob allows you to continuously adjust the output of mist. You can select an ideal output in line with the indoor environment.参考译文：雾量可调——输出选择旋钮可连续调节雾量。您可根据室内环境选择最合适的雾量。原文5（使用说明）：Directions for use — This humidifier should be placed under the ambient temperature for half an hour before it is put into use for the first time. The desired operating environment for this humidifier: the air temperature of 5-40℃ with a relative humidity of 80%. Use clean water with temperature below 40℃ (purified water is recommended). Clean the water basin and water tank after a long idle time.参考译文：使用说明——初次使用时，加湿器应在环境温度下放置半小时。加湿器适宜的工作环境：温度 5℃-40℃，相对湿度 80%。使用温度低于 40℃ 的清洁水（建议使用纯净水）。长时间不使用加湿器，应将水池和水箱清洗干净。