外刊精读:美国将暂时控制委内瑞拉(课件+学案)

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文章来源：China Daily发布时间：Jan 4^th2026文章字数：408

体裁：新闻报道内容简介：美国总统特朗普宣布，在抓获委内瑞拉总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗及其妻子后，美国将临时控制委内瑞拉；特朗普声称占领”不会花费任何成本”（靠委内瑞拉石油储备偿还），并计划由美国能源公司重建其基础设施。此举引发联合国、中国、俄罗斯、西班牙等多国及国际组织的强烈批评，认为美国违反《联合国宪章》和国际法，侵犯委内瑞拉主权，破坏地区和平与稳定。

主题意义

通过了解美国对委内瑞拉的军事干涉及国际社会的反应，引导学生认识国家主权的不可侵犯性、国际法在国际关系中的核心地位，理解”不干涉内政”是处理国与国关系的基本准则；培养尊重他国主权、维护国际公平正义的价值观，树立”通过对话解决争端”的全球治理意识。

话题

国际政治冲突、国家主权与外部干涉、国际法的权威性

原文：Trump says US will take temporary control of VenezuelaU.S. President Donald Trump announced on Saturday that the United States will take temporary control of Venezuela after capturing President Nicolas Maduro and his wife, Cilia Flores. Speaking from his Mar-a-Lago club in Florida, hours after an overnight attack on the South American country, Trump stated, “We're going to run the country until such time as we can do a safe, proper and wise transition.” He was joined by Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth, Secretary of State Marco Rubio, and General Dan Caine.Trump claimed that a U.S. occupation “won't cost us anything” because the United States would be paid back from the “money coming out of the ground,” referring to Venezuela's oil reserves. He added that American energy companies would rebuild the country's broken infrastructure under U.S. supervision. Warning that the military operation was not necessarily over, Trump said the U.S. stood ready tostage a second, larger attack if needed, though he noted the first operation was very successful. Regarding the presence of U.S. troops, Trump said, “We're not afraid of boots on the ground,” confirming that American forces had already worked inside the country at a “very high level” during the strike.The military action has faced strong international criticism. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said he was “deeplyalarmed” by the strikes, warning they set “a dangerous precedent.”His spokesperson emphasized the importance of following the UN Charter and international law. Spain’s Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez also stated his country would not recognize an intervention that violates international law and pushes the region toward uncertainty and conflict.In a letter to the Security Council, Venezuela's UN Ambassador Samuel Moncada described the operation as a “deadly” military attack against a country at peace, saying the U.S. violated rules regarding a nation's independence. Venezuela and Colombia have asked for an emergency meeting of the Security Council.Other countries also condemnedthemove. China said it was “deeply shocked,” calling the strike a dominant act that violates Venezuela's sovereignty and threatens regional peace. Russia strongly urged the U.S. to release Maduro and his wife, calling for the problem to be solved through talk. France's Foreign Minister argued that “no lasting political solution can be forced from the outside,” while experts at Chatham House noted that the U.S. actions went against international rules. They stated that the U.S. operation had no clear legal reason under the UN Charter.

参考译文：

特朗普称美国将临时控制委内瑞拉

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普周六宣布，在抓获委内瑞拉总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗及其妻子西莉亚·弗洛雷斯后，美国将临时控制委内瑞拉。在对这个南美国家发动夜间袭击数小时后，特朗普在佛罗里达州的海湖庄园发表讲话称：”我们将管理这个国家，直到我们能够实现安全、恰当且明智的过渡。”陪同他的有国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯、国务卿马尔科·卢比奥和丹·凯恩将军。特朗普声称，美国的占领”不会让我们花一分钱”，因为美国将从”地下冒出来的钱”中获得回报——他指的是委内瑞拉的石油储备。他补充说，美国能源公司将在美国的监督下重建该国破损的基础设施。特朗普警告称，军事行动未必结束，美国已准备好必要时发动第二次更大规模的袭击，不过他强调第一次行动非常成功。关于美国军队的存在，特朗普说：”我们不怕地面部队介入”，并证实美军在袭击期间已”高度”介入委内瑞拉境内。此次军事行动遭到国际社会的强烈批评。联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯表示，他对空袭”深感震惊”，警告称这开创了”危险的先例”。其发言人强调了遵守《联合国宪章》和国际法的重要性。西班牙首相佩德罗·桑切斯也表示，西班牙不会承认违反国际法、将该地区推向不确定性和冲突的干预行为。委内瑞拉驻联合国大使塞缪尔·蒙卡达在给安理会的信中，将此次行动描述为对”和平国家的致命军事攻击”，称美国违反了关于国家独立的规则。委内瑞拉和哥伦比亚已要求安理会召开紧急会议。其他国家也谴责了这一举动。中国表示”深感震惊”，称此次袭击是侵犯委内瑞拉主权、威胁地区和平的霸权行为。俄罗斯强烈敦促美国释放马杜罗及其妻子，呼吁通过对话解决问题。法国外交部长认为，”没有任何持久的政治解决方案能从外部强加”，而查塔姆研究所的专家指出，美国的行动违反了国际规则——根据《联合国宪章》，美国的行动没有明确的法律依据。

New Words

1.temporary/ˈtemprəri/adj. 临时的；暂时的

2.transition/trænˈzɪʃn/n. 过渡；转变

3.occupation/ˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃn/ n. 占领；占据

4.infrastructure/ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/ n. 基础设施

5.precedent/ˈpresɪdənt/n. 先例；前例

6.dominant/ˈdɒmɪnənt/adj. 主导的；霸权的

7.sovereignty/ˈsɒvrənti/n. 主权；最高统治权

8.violate/ˈvaɪəleɪt/vt. 违反；侵犯

9.condemn/kənˈdem/vt. 谴责；指责

Reading skill

Choose the best answer according to the passage：

1. What      is the passage mainly about?

A. U.S. control of Venezuela and reactions

B. Venezuela's oil and U.S. companies

C. UN's warning on military strikes

D. Maduro's capture and his wife

1. Why      did experts say the U.S. action had no legal basis?      A. It violated Venezuela's sovereignty.      B. It was not approved by the UN Charter.      C. It pushed the region toward conflict.      D. It was a “deadly” attack on a peaceful country.
2. What      attitude do most countries hold toward the U.S. intervention?      A. Supportive. B. Critical. C. Neutral. D. Indifferent.

长难句分析

1. Trump      claimed that a U.S. occupation “won't cost us anything” because the United      States would be paid back from the “money coming out of the ground,”      referring to Venezuela's oil reserves.分析：本句为复合句。
• 主句：Trump       claimed that...（特朗普声称……），that引导__________从句；
• 宾语从句内包含because引导的____________从句（解释”不花钱”的原因）；
• referring       to Venezuela's oil reserves是现在分词短语，作_______________，解释”地下的钱”指的是________________。译文：____________________________________________________       _________________________________________________________
2. France's      Foreign Minister argued that “no lasting political solution can be forced      from the outside,” while experts at Chatham House noted that the U.S.      actions went against international rules.分析：本句为并列复合句（while连接两个并列分句）。
• 第一个分句：France's       Foreign Minister argued that...（法国外长认为……），that引导_________________从句；
• 第二个分句：experts...noted       that...（专家指出……），that引导_______________从句；
• while在这里表”_______________”（法国外长的观点 vs 查塔姆研究所的观点）。译文：____________________________________________________       _________________________________________________________

学以致用

一、词汇变形（根据构词法写出正确形式）

1. temporary      (adj.) → ______________ (adv. _________)
2. intervene      (v.) → ________________ (n. ___________)
3. dominate      (v.) →________________ (adj. __________)
4. critic      (n.) → _______________ (v. _______) → _____________ (adj.      _________)
5. politics      (n.) → _______________ (adj. _______)

二、词块填空

1. The      UN __________ the US to stop the __________________ immediately.
2. Any      country that _________ national sovereignty will _________________.
3. China      called the US _________ a hegemonic act that _________________.
4. The      government decided to ___________________ the flooded area until order is      restored.
5. Experts      warned that the intervention would ___________________ for global      stability.
6. The      two countries agreed to solve their __________________________.

三、仿写练习

1. Trump announced the decision hours after an overnight attack on the country.

仿写句子：一夜之间的暴雨改变了这座城市的面貌，并引发了大规模洪水。

The city's landscape was changed by ______________________ that caused widespread flooding.

2. Trump claimed that the occupation “won't cost us anything.”

仿写句子：该组织在一篇网络发文中声称对此次网络攻击负责。The organization _________________________ the cyberattack in an online post.

3. The United States would be paid back from Venezuela's oil reserves.

仿写句子：她承诺在月底前归还所借的钱。

She promised to _____________________ she borrowed by the end of the month.

4. The U.S. stood ready to stage a second, larger attack if needed.

仿写句子：活动人士计划下周在大使馆外举行抗议。The activists plan to ____________________ outside the embassy next week.

5. He warned the military action set “a dangerous precedent.”

仿写句子：这项法律裁决可能为未来处理类似案件树立先例。This legal ruling could __________________________ for how similar cases are handled in the future.

6. China said the strike violates Venezuela's sovereignty.

仿写句子：这项新政策因被视为侵犯公民隐私权而受到批评。The new policy was criticized because it was seen to __________________________.

7. China called the strike a dominant act.

仿写句子：该球队在整个赛季中都保持着其在联赛中的主导地位。The team _______________________ in the league throughout the season.

四、语法填空

U.S. President Donald Trump declared on Saturday that the United States would assume temporary control of Venezuela, following an overnight military operation that 1. __________(lead) to the capture of President Nicolás Maduro and his wife. Trump stated that the U.S. would “run the country until such time as we can do a safe, proper and wise transition.” He asserted that the 2. ____________(intervene) would incur(带来) no cost to the U.S., claiming the country would be “paid back” from Venezuela's substantial oil reserves, and 3. ______________ American energy firms would rebuild the nation's infrastructure under U.S. supervision.

The 4. _______________(announce) triggered immediate and widespread international condemnation. United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres expressed being “deeply 5. ______________(alarm),” warning that the action set “a dangerous precedent” and stressed the fundamental importance of following the UN Charter. China's response characterized the strike 6. _________ a “dominant act” that violates Venezuela's sovereignty(主权) and threatens 7. ___________(region) stability. Russia strongly urged the immediate release of Maduro and called for the crisis 8. __________(resolve) through peaceful dialogue. Several European nations, including Spain and France, also criticized 9. __________ move as a violation of international law, with experts 10. ___________(note) the operation lacked a clear legal under established international norms.

素养提升

Discussion：What do you think about the U.S. military intervention in Venezuela? How should countries handle international disputes according to the passage? Please give 2-3 pieces of advice.

l同话题链接

一、听力填空

President Trump says the interim authorities in Venezuela will be _____________ between 30 and 50 million barrels of what he called sanctioned oil to the United States. Caracas has not ______________ the concession. David Willis reports.

President Trump said the oil would be brought from Venezuela on storage ships and taken to ports in the US. It will __________________________, he added, with revenue from the sales controlled by him as President of the United States.

Venezuela _____________________________________. Its roughly _________ barrels constitute around _________________________________. But sanctions and a recent U.S. blockade have prevented that oil from reaching the US, making China the leading customer for Venezuelan crude.

The White House has said President Trump and his team have been discussing options to, as it described, acquire Greenland, including ______________________. It maintains that the Arctic territory ___________________________. Here's our North America editor Sarah Smith.

The White House Press Secretary Caroline Levitt has told the BBC that President Trump has made it well known that acquiring Greenland is a national _______________ of the United States because it's vital to deter American adversaries in the region. After the successful operation in Venezuela to arrest President Nicolas Maduro,

Donald Trump told reporters that the US needed Greenland to counter security threats from Russia and China in the Arctic. Separately, a senior official in the Trump administration has told Reuters that options being discussed include ______________ Greenland from Denmark or forming some kind of close security alliance with the territory.

President Zelenskyy has _____________________ at a meeting of Ukraine's allies in Paris as efforts continue to thrash out common peace proposals for Washington to present to Russia. He said they showed how seriously both Europe and the so-called coalition of the willing were working to ensure Ukraine's security in the event of any ceasefire.

New words:

1.interim /ˈɪntərɪm/ adj. 临时的；过渡的

2.sanctioned /ˈsæŋkʃnd/ adj. 受制裁的

3.concession /kənˈseʃn/ n. 让步；妥协

4.crude /kruːd/ n. 原油；原油产品

5.deter /dɪˈtɜː(r)/ v. 威慑；阻止

6.adversary /ˈædvɜːsəri/n. 对手；敌手

7.alliance /əˈlaɪəns/n.联盟；同盟

8.thrash out 反复讨论；推敲

9.coalition /ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃn/n.联盟；联合

二、仿写练习

1. President Trump says the interim authorities in Venezuela will be turning over between 30 and 50 million barrels of what he called sanctioned oil tothe United States.

仿写句子：这家公司同意将其海外资产移交给当地政府。

The company agreed to __________ its overseas assets _____ the local government.

Keys：turn over; to

2. Caracas has not confirmed the concession.

仿写句子：双方尚未确认关于贸易关税的让步。

The two sides have not _______________________ on trade tariffs.

Keys：confirmed the concession

3. Sanctions and a recent U.S. blockade have prevented that oil fromreachingtheUS.

仿写句子：恶劣的天气阻止了救援队伍抵达受灾地区。

Bad weather has ______________________________________________________. 

Keys：prevented the rescue team from reaching the disaster-stricken area

4. The White House has said President Trump and his team have been discussing options to, as it described, acquire Greenland.

仿写句子：管理层正在讨论扩大生产规模的方案。

The management _____________________________________________________.

Keys：has been discussing options to expand production capacity

5. It maintains that the Arctic territory is vital to US security.

仿写句子：专家坚称可再生能源对国家的能源安全至关重要。

Experts ________ that renewable energy ___________________________________.

Keys：maintain; is vital to national energy security

6. Acquiring Greenland is a national security priority of the United States.

仿写句子：改善公共卫生是本届政府的优先事项之一。

Improving public health is ____________________ the current government.

Keys：a priority of

7. They showed how seriously both Europe and the so-called coalition of the willing were working to ensure Ukraine's security in the event of any ceasefire.

仿写句子：万一发生紧急情况，机场将启动应急疏散计划。

_______________________, the airport will activate the emergency evacuation plan.

Keys：In the event of an emergency

三、翻译句子

1. 政府表示将把部分救灾物资移交给受灾地区的临时机构。（turn over；interim authorities）

_____________________________________________________________________

2. 这家公司拥有丰富的自然资源储备，约占全国总量的20%。（reserve；constitute）

_____________________________________________________________________

3. 万一发生紧急情况，我们应优先确保人员安全。（in the event of；give priority to）

_____________________________________________________________________

4. 两国领导人举行会谈，试图反复讨论并达成贸易协议。（thrash out；agreement）

_____________________________________________________________________

5. 专家坚称，科技创新对国家的发展至关重要。（maintain；vital）

_____________________________________________________________________

四、语法填空

President Trump announced that Venezuela’s temporary government would hand over 30-50 million barrels of sanctioned oil to the US, though Caracas has not confirmed this. He added the oil would 1. _____________(ship) to US ports and sold at market prices, with the revenue 2. __________ his control as US President.

Venezuela 3. __________(hold) the world’s largest oil reserves—around 300 billion barrels, 17% of the global total. But US sanctions and 4. ________ recent ban have blocked its oil from entering the US, making China 5. _________(it) top crude buyer.

The White House said Trump’s team has discussed gaining control of Greenland, even via military force, calling the Arctic territory vital 6. ________ US security. Press Secretary Caroline noted it helps counter US 7. __________(rival). After arresting Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro, Trump said Greenland is needed 8. __________(tackle) Russia and China’s Arctic threats. Possible plans include 9. __________(buy) it from Denmark or forming a close security alliance.

Ukrainian President Zelenskyy praised deals from a Paris meeting of Ukraine’s allies, 10. ____________ are finalizing joint peace proposals for the US to present to Russia, aiming to ensure Ukraine’s security if a ceasefire happens.

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