Part I
Professor: Ok, I'm going to begin this lecture by giving you your next assignment. Remember I said that at some point during this semester I wanted you to attend an exhibit at the Fairy Street Gallery and then write about it?
Well, the exhibit that I want you to attend is coming up. It's already started in fact, but it'll be at the gallery for the next month, which should give you plenty of time to complete this assignment. The name of the artist exhibiting there is Rose Frantzen.
Frantzen's work may be unfamiliar to you since she's a relatively young artist, but she's got a very unusual style, compared to some of the artists we've looked at this term. But anyway, Frantzen's style is what she herself calls Realistic Impressionism.
Frantzen的作品你们可能并不熟悉，因为她是一个相对年轻的艺术家，但与我们这个学期看到的一些艺术家相比，她的风格非常不寻常。
1. Impressionism|ɪmˈpreʃənɪzəm|
noun. a style in painting developed in France in the late 19th century that uses colour to show the effects of light on things and to suggest atmosphere rather than showing exact details
印象主义，印象派（19世纪下半叶兴起于法国的绘画风格，主要表现光与色的效果，不着眼于准确的细节）
Part II
So you've probably studied both of these movements separately, separate movements, Realism and Impressionism, in some of your art history courses. So who can just sum these up?
Student: Well, Impressionism started in the late 19th century. Um... the basic impressionist style was very different from earlier styles. It didn't depict scenes or models exactly as they looked. Um... Impressionist painters tended to apply paint really thickly, and in big brushstrokes, so the texture of the canvas was rough.
Professor: Good. What else? What were the subjects?
Student: Well, a lot of impressionist artists painted everyday scenes, like people on the streets and in cafes, lots of nature scenes, especially landscapes.
Professor: Good. So when you go to the exhibit, I really want you to take a close look at a certain painting. It's a farm scene. And you will see it right as you enter the gallery.
印象派画家往往画得很厚，笔触很大，所以画布的质地很粗糙。
1. sum sth up
to state the main points of sth in a short and clear form 总结；概括
E.g.: To sum up , there are three main ways of tackling the problem…
概括起来说，这一问题主要有三种解决办法…
2. depict|dɪˈpɪkt|
verb. to show an image of sb/sth in a picture 描绘；描画
E.g.: The artist had depicted her lying on a bed.
画家画了她躺在床上的画像。
3. apply |əˈplaɪ|
verb. to put or spread sth such as paint, cream, etc. onto a surface 涂；敷；施
E.g.: Apply the cream sparingly to your face and neck. 把乳霜薄薄地抹在脸和脖子上。
4. canvas|ˈkænvəs|
noun. a piece of canvas used for painting on; a painting done on a piece of canvas , using oil paints （帆布）画布；油画
E.g.: a sale of the artist's early canvases.
那位画家早期油画的拍卖
Part III
The reason I think this painting is so important is that it stresses the impressionist aspect of Frantzen's style. It's an outdoor scene, an everyday scene. It's kind of bleak, which you can really see those broad brushstrokes and the blurry lines. The colors aren't quite realistic. The sky is kind of, well, an unnatural... pinkish yellow. And the fence in the foreground is blue, but somehow the overall scene gives an impression of a cold, bleak, winter day on a farm. So that's the impressionist side of her work.
Oh, and speaking about farms, that reminds me one interesting thing I read about Franzten is that when she first moved back to Iowa after living abroad, she often visited this place in her town called the Sales Barn.
And the Sales Barn, it was basically this place where the local farmers bought and sold their cattle, their farm animals. And the reason Frantzen went there, and she later on would visit other places like dance halls, was to observe people and the ways that they moved. She really found that this helped her work -- that it gave her an understanding of body movements and actions, how humans move, and stand still, what their postures were like, too.
那些颜色都不太现实。天空有点，嗯，一种不自然的……粉粉的黄色。前景中的栅栏是蓝色的，但不知何故，整个场景给人一种农场寒冷、凄凉的冬日的印象。
她真的发现这对她的工作有帮助——它让她了解身体运动和动作，人类如何移动和站立不动，以及他们的姿势是什么样的。
1. stress|stres|
verb. to emphasize a fact, an idea, etc. 强调；着重
E.g.: He stressed the importance of a good education.
他强调了接受良好教育的重要性法。
2. bleak|bli:k|
adj. exposed, empty, or with no pleasant features 无遮掩的；荒凉的；索然无味的
E.g.: a bleak landscape/hillside/moor
荒芜的景色 / 山坡 / 野地
3. side |saɪd|
noun. a particular aspect of sth, especially a situation or a person's character 方面
E.g.: This is a side of Alan that I never knew existed. 我以前从来不知道艾伦还有这样的一面。
4. posture|ˈpɒstʃə(r)|
noun. the position in which you hold your body when standing or sitting （坐立的）姿势
E.g.: Good posture is essential when working at the computer.
用电脑工作时良好的姿势极其重要。
Part IV
So, what about Realism? What are the elements of Realism we should be looking for in Frantzen's work?
Student: Um... real honest depictions of subject matter, pretty unidealized stuff, and pretty everyday subject matter, too.
Professor: Good. One other painting I really want you to look at is of a young woman surrounded by pumpkins. You will notice that the woman's face is so realistic looking that it's almost like a photograph. The woman's nose is a little less than perfect and her hair is kind of messed up. This is realism.
But then, the background of the painting, this woman with the pumpkins is wrapped in a blanket of broad thick brushstrokes and, it's all kinds of zigzagging brushstrokes and lines, kind of chaotic almost when you look at it close. And there are vibrant colors. There's lots of orange, with little hints of an electric bluepeeking out.
但是，这幅画的背景，这个拿着南瓜的女人被一层宽厚的笔触包裹着，各种曲折的笔触和线条，近看几乎是混乱的。并且有鲜艳的色彩，有很多橙色，还有一点点铁蓝色微微露出来。
1. subject matter
the ideas or information contained in a book, speech, painting, etc. （著作、讲话、绘画等的）主题，题材，主要内容
E.g.: The artist was revolutionary in both subject matter and technique.
这位画家在内容和手法两方面都有重大创新法。
2. pretty|ˈprɪti|
adv. to some extent; fairly 颇；相当
E.g.: I'm going to have to find a new apartment pretty soon.
我很快就得找个新住处了。
3. blanket |ˈblæŋkɪt|
noun. a thick layer or covering of sth 厚层；厚的覆盖层
E.g.: The mud disappeared under a blanket of snow. 泥巴被积雪盖住了。
4. zigzag|ˈzɪgzæg|
verb. to move forward by making sharp sudden turns first to the left and then to the right 曲折前进;之字形行进
E.g.: The narrow path zigzags up the cliff.
狭窄的小路曲曲折折地通向悬崖。
5. chaotic|keɪˈɒtɪk|
adj. in a state of complete confusion and lack of order 混乱的；杂乱的；紊乱的
E.g.: The traffic in the city is chaotic in the rush hour.
在上下班高峰时间，城市的交通混乱不堪。
6. vibrant |ˈvaɪbrənt|
adj. (of colours 颜色) very bright and strong 鲜艳的；醒目的
E.g.: The room was decorated in vibrant reds and yellows. 那房间是由鲜艳的红黄两色装饰的。
7. hint|ˈpɒstʃə(r)|
noun. a small amount of sth 少许；少量
E.g.: The walls were painted white with a hint of peach.
墙壁粉刷成了略呈桃红的白色。
8. electric blue
a bright or metallic blue colour 钢青色；铁蓝色
E.g.: He also shows off a spectacular electric blue iceberg. 他还得意地向我们炫耀一座壮观动人的蓝色冰山。
9. peek out
to be just visible 微露出；探出
E.g.: Her feet peeked out from the end of the blanket.
她的脚从毯子一端露出来。
Part V
I find Frantzen to be a very accessibleartist. I mean, some artists, to appreciate them, you have to know their life story. But here's a little bit about Rose Frantzen's life anyway.She attended art school, but was told by one of her instructors that she was not good at illustration, that she should go into advertising instead. So she took advertising classes and fine arts classes too, until she was convinced by the head of an advertising agency that her work was really good, that she could be an artist.
But of course, it's not as easy as that, and so Frantzen had to paint other people's portraits at places like art fairs just to make money to buy paint for her more serious art work. No matter what, she never stopped painting. And now, Frantzen is doing extremely well. And her work is being shown all over the country.
So I think most of us would be discouraged if we had to face challenges and difficulties like that. But what's important is that you keep at it that you don't give up. That's what is really important to remember.
但当然，事情并没有那么容易，所以Frantzen不得不在艺术展销会等地方给别人画肖像，只是为了赚钱为她更严肃的艺术作品买颜料。
1. accessible|əkˈsesəbl|
adj. easy to appreciate or understand 容易欣赏的；易懂的
E.g.: His writing is more accessible now than it once was. [=is more easily understood now]
他的文章比以前更易懂了。
2. illustration|ˌɪləˈstreɪʃn|
noun. a story, an event or an example that clearly shows the truth about sth （说明事实的）故事，实例，示例
E.g.: Let me, by way of illustration , quote from one of her poems.
作为说明，让我援引她的一首诗。
3. fine arts
forms of art, especially painting, drawing and sculpture , that are created to be beautiful rather than useful 美术（尤指绘画和雕塑）
E.g.: She studies painting in the department of fine arts. 她在美术系学习绘画。
4. keep at
to continue working at sth 继续做某事（或坚持干）
E.g.: Come on, keep at it, you've nearly finished!
快，要坚持，你马上就要完成了！
